Adequacy of energy and macronutrient intake of food supplements for athletes

Abstract

A B S T R A C T ObjectiveTo assess how much food supplements contribute to the nutritional adequacy of energy and macronutrients in relation those recommended for athletes. MethodsThis was a cross sectional study was composed of 182 athletes from 19 sports (150 men and 32 women) with a mean age, weight, height and body mass index of 23.8±7.5 years, 73.7±15.6kg, 1.7±0.1m, 24.2±4.0kg/m², respectively. The 24 hours dietary recall was applied to assess intake and the Multiple Source Method to evaluate usual intake. We used the t-test, Mann-Whitney test, Analysis of Variance and Kruskal-Wallis for comparative

Nutrient Adequacy in Endurance Athletes

“…The majority of the athletes in the present study consumed less than the recommended amount of carbohydrates with no difference by sex. These results are corroborated by previous studies which have reported that many athletes, irrespective of sex did not meet the recommendations for carbohydrates [ 1 , 12 , 14 , 16 , 17 ]. Low carbohydrate intakes may lead to increased fatigue [ 47 ], negatively affect performance [ 48 ], and increase susceptibility to muscle damage [ 49 ] among athletes.…”

“…Energy needs were not met by most athletes. This was unsurprising given that several previous studies have reported that many athletes do not meet their energy needs [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. The majority of the athletes in the present study consumed less than the recommended amount of carbohydrates with no difference by sex.…”

“…Cross-sectional studies have consistently found that a high percentage of athletes do not meet the recommendations for energy and some macronutrient intakes. Inadequate energy intake has been found in U.S. female collegiate cross-country and lacrosse athletes [ 10 , 11 ], elite Brazilian athletes [ 12 ], and South Asian athletes [ 13 ]. In addition, several studies from different countries have shown that athletes do not get enough carbohydrates [ 9 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ], protein [ 1 , 18 ], dietary fiber, and essential fatty acids such as linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) [ 6 , 16 ].…”

“…Although inadequate nutrient intakes and the impact of this on athletes have been noted, there are several limitations in the current literature. For example, a majority of the studies that examined macronutrient and micronutrient intakes were conducted in elite athletes from a mix of various types of sports [ 6 , 9 , 11 , 12 , 15 , 18 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 26 ]. The few studies that examined nutrient intakes in endurance athletes only, primarily focused on macronutrients [ 10 , 17 ].…”

Associação Entre Consumo Alimentar, Composição Corporal E Desempenho Físico De Atletas Profissionais

“…A redução da fadiga e de lesões e o aumento da ingestão calórica são alguns dos diversos benefícios das intervenções nutricionais, documentados nos estudos (PANZA et al, 2007;ROY, 2008) DO ESPORTE, 2009). Contudo, uma ingestão dietética inadequada ainda é muito observada em atletas (GOMES et al, 2009;RODRIGUES et al, 2017).…”