“…By incorporating residues from optimized NaSpTx1 peptides, optimized Tap1a peptides were designed with greater potency and selectivity for Na V subtypes in chronic pain, as well as greater in vivo effects. Preclinical efficacy in treating several neurological disorders is also demonstrated by the ICK peptide Phα1β isolated from P. nigriventer (Antunes et al, 2021;Silva et al, 2021). Diniz et al investigated how the analgesic effects induced by Phα1β and morphine modify the central nervous system (CNS) function.…”