The effect of periodontal therapy on neopterin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 levels in chronic periodontitis patients with and without acute myocardial infarction: a case-control study

Abstract

The presence of neopterin in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) is a marker for local and acute immune activation, and the presence of vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) in GCF is accepted as a marker for chronic vascular inflammation.ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate effects of periodontal treatment on GCF levels of neopterin and VCAM-1 in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) compared with systemically healthy CP patients.Material and methodsSixty subjects (20 CP patients with AMI, 20 healthy CP patients, and 20 healthy controls) were included. GCF samples were analyzed at baseline and after 3 and 6 months, and the probing pocket depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing, gingival (GI) and plaque (PI) indices were recorded. We determined neopterin and VCAM-1 levels (concentration and total amount) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). No significant differences were seen between the AMI+CP and CP groups for PI, GI, GCF levels of neopterin and VCAM-1 at baseline.ResultsThe number of teeth with 5 mm≤CAL<7 mm and CAL≥7 mm were significantly increased in the AMI+CP group at baseline. There were no significant differences between the AMI+CP and CP for PI, CAL, GCF volumes, and the AMI+CP group had the highest clinical improvement in the number of teeth with 5 mm≤CAL<7 mm at the sixth month. There were significant positive correlations between clinical periodontal inflammation and the presence of neopterin and VCAM-1 in GCF prior to and following periodontal treatment, and between the GCF volume and clinical parameters.ConclusionsData suggest that the total amount and concentration of neopterin and VCAM-1 in GCF seemed to be closely associated with periodontal disease severity in CP patients with AMI. Moreover, the results of our study demonstrate that the past periodontal status is potentially correlated between groups, with similar periodontal disease severity.

Role of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 in osteoclast formation and periodontitis development by downregulating microRNA‐101‐regulated VCAM‐1

“…Upregulated VCAM-1 can enhance OC activity and recruit further monocytic OC progenitors in a bone metastasis dormancy model (Lu et al, 2011). Besides, VCAM-1 expression has been reported to be associated with periodontal disease severity in patients with chronic periodontitis (Turgut Cankaya et al, 2018). Hence, we arrived at the conclusion that VCAM-1 targeted by miR-101 promotes the growth of OCs as well as other inflammatory factors.…”

Neopterin Levels in Periodontitis and after Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy: Evaluation of Gingival Crevicular Fluid, Oral Fluid, Serum and Urinary Samples—A Case-Control Study

“…Several previous studies found significantly higher Np concentrations in the GCF [ 9 , 11 , 12 ] and oral fluid of subjects with periodontitis [ 15 , 30 ]. Periodontal therapy was associated with a decrease in Np levels [ 9 , 11 , 14 , 18 , 30 ].…”

“…Several previous studies found significantly higher Np concentrations in the GCF [ 9 , 11 , 12 ] and oral fluid of subjects with periodontitis [ 15 , 30 ]. Periodontal therapy was associated with a decrease in Np levels [ 9 , 11 , 14 , 18 , 30 ]. In our study, when the Np levels in the study group before periodontal treatment were compared with the control group, only GCF TA and urinary NC were significantly higher in the study group.…”

“…Np has been studied in periodontitis by several studies in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) [ 8 , 9 , 11 , 12 , 13 ], oral fluid (OF) [ 8 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ], serum [ 11 , 17 , 18 ] and urine [ 8 , 13 , 16 , 17 ]. Np was proposed for the monitoring of periodontal disease activity [ 12 ], but the complex evaluation of Np levels in these biologic fluids, including the impact of nonsurgical periodontal therapy, is yet to be studied.…”

Estimation of Salivary Neopterin Levels in Aggressive and Chronic Periodontitis After Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy: A Cohort Study

“…An earlier study by TurgutÇankaya et al in 2018 evaluated the GCF levels of neopterin in chronic periodontitis and acute myocardial infarction before and after periodontal therapy and reported a possible improvement in the efficiency of myocardial infarction treatment after periodontal treatment because of reduction in the infectious load of the body associated with inflamed periodontium. 22…”