Fetal malformation in a marmoset (Callithrix jacchus): case report

Abstract

Callithrix jacchus is a neotropical primate adaptable in captivity. Colonies can be easily established in a short time and at low cost compared to other species of larger primates, which are normally used in laboratory. Because they are phylogenetically similar to humans in situations that induce anxiety, these small primates are increasingly being used in research involving the stress response. Wild animals in captivity are subjected to a series of stressful events that depending on the duration and intensity can modify the organic homeostasis. Observed in this study, serious problems occurred with the formation in fetal offspring of Callithrix jacchus kept in an environment with a high degree of stress.

Characterization of seminal parameters, sperm morphometry, micromorphology, and ultrastructure in gray brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira, Fischer, 1814)

“…The measurements obtained in the current study reflect these values. Similar results were obtained for other cervids, including Dama dama, Odocoileus virginianus, Elaphodus cephalophus, C. unicolor, and M. nana (Chacur et al, 2014;de Abreu et al, 2009;Fernández, Sestelo, Rivolta, & Córdoba, 2013;Kirschner & Rodenkirch, 2017;Panyaboriban et al, 2016).…”

“…For M. nana and M. americana, mean values for motility and vigor were around 70% and 3, respectively, in fresh semen samples (de Abreu et al, 2009;Rola et al, 2013). The mean mass movement for M. americana and Cervus unicolor was around 3 and 4, respectively (Chacur et al, 2014;Rola et al, 2013). Thus, sperm of gray brocket deer sperm has good antioxidant ability (Darr et al, 2016), mitochondrial integrity (Paoli et al, 2011), and effective osmolarity control capacity (Cooper & Yeung, 2003).…”

“…The mean major and minor abnormalities in the sperm of M. americana were 8 and 18%, respectively (Rola et al, 2013). For C. unicolor, individual differences were observed, with major abnormalities ranging from 3 to 19% and minor abnormalities ranging from 3 to 46% (Chacur et al, 2014).…”

“…The current study used Blom's classification for morphological analysis (Blom, 1972), because it is widely used for several species (Azerêdo, Esper, & Resende, 2001;Chacur et al, 2014;Enciso et al, 2011;Gizejewski, 2004;Tsuneda et al, 2015). This classification also provides the proportion of major and minor defects, with the latter being the least deleterious to fertility (Blom, 1972).…”