Primary skin diseases and cutaneous manifestations of systemic diseases in swine

Pereira, Paula Reis; Bianchi, Ronaldo Michel; Hammerschmitt, Márcia Elisa; Cruz, Raquel Aparecida Sales da; Hesse, Kivia L.; Sonne, Luciana; Pavarini, Saulo Petinatti; Driemeier, David

doi:10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6704

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In human skin, hypersensitivity can be triggered by metals, and pigs affected by insect bite may trigger an allergic dermatitis that is histologically characterized by perivascular eosinophilic inflammatory infiltrates. 10,20,31 However, in our cases, the inflammatory pattern was characterized by a lymphohistiocytic infiltrate surrounding the elastic cartilaginous tissue, which differs from the pattern of a type 1 hypersensitivity.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

Auricular and laryngeal chondritis in nursery and finishing pigs

et al. 2023

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This work aimed to characterize the clinic-pathological presentation of an outbreak of auricular and laryngeal chondritis in pigs. Visits were made to pig farms, where the clinical history was obtained, and clinical and postmortem examinations were performed. In those farms, 3% to 4% of pigs presented otohematomas, which started in the nursery and extended to the finishing phase. Moreover, some finishing pigs presented with respiratory distress, initially characterized as inspiratory dyspnea, associated by an uncommon respiratory stridor and culminating in death. Grossly, nursery piglets had enlarged ears, and on the cut surface, the cartilage was fragmented and associated with blood clots. In the finishing phase, in addition to auricular lesions, the epiglottis and arytenoid cartilages were thickened and distorted, which partially occluded the lumen. Microscopically, the laryngeal and auricular cartilages were fragmented, displayed a loss of matrix basophilia, and were surrounded by lymphohistiocytic inflammatory infiltrate, with occasional multinucleated giant cells and fibrosis. The lesions exclusively affected elastic cartilages. The disease in finishing pigs led to increased mortality and was a differential diagnosis to respiratory challenges. It was not possible to determine the factor that triggered this condition; however, a nutritional association is suspected. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of primary auricular and laryngeal chondritis in pigs.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

Auricular and laryngeal chondritis in nursery and finishing pigs

et al. 2023

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“…Therefore, only in the 10 intact cases we observed coagulation necrosis also in the superficial dermis. According to the literature (Shankar et al 2009, Mauldin & Peters-Kennedy 2016 in cases of swine erysipelas, histological lesions are not observed in the epidermis, however, in these cases, differential diagnosis of other lesions that may affect the skin of pigs is impaired (Pereira et al 2020). During the study, few cases had marked severity of histological lesions, however when considering only the histologically preserved cases, we observed an increase in the severity of some lesions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Anatomopathological aspects and the use of immunohistochemistry in slaughter pigs with cutaneous lesions of erysipelas

et al. 2022

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Swine erysipelas is a disease of worldwide distribution, responsible for causing economic losses in swine and considered an occupational zoonotic disease. It is estimated that 30% to 50% of pigs are carriers and stress can predispose the appearance of clinical disease. The diagnosis of erysipelas in slaughter pigs becomes a challenge for pathologists, since scalding and dehairing, routine procedures in slaughterhouses, generate histological artifacts that often make the final diagnosis impossible. This study describes the anatomopathological aspects and evaluate the use of immunohistochemistry as a diagnostic tool in these cases. Forty-three cases of erysipelas in slaughter pigs were analyzed. Grossly, the cutaneous lesions were characteristic pink, red, or purple raised rhomboid, rectangular or square lesions (“diamond skin”). Histologically, in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue, there were suppurative vasculitis, hidradenitis and folliculitis, as well as degeneration and necrosis of the vessel wall, thrombosis and multifocal areas of necrosis. Suppurative vasculitis and damage to the blood vessel wall were observed in all cases, with varying degrees of severity. The immunohistochemical technique proved to be an effective complementary method of diagnosis, with positive immunostaining in 93%. In most cases, we observed mild immunostaining (57.5%), moderate in 22.5% and marked in 20%.

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“…Tumors are rarely diagnosed in swine specie because of the short life span of production animals. Usually, these tumors do not present any clinical signs and are often detected at the time of slaughter (ROBINSON & LOYNACHAN, 2019;PEREIRA et al, 2020). Moreover, since necroscopic examination is often not performed when animals are found dead, determination of the prevalence of neoplasms in the species is more difficult (ALSOP, 2005).…”

Section: Silveira Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the sows and boars live longer, they are more prone to manifest tumors (RAMOS et al, 2008). Although uncommon, hemangioma and hemangiosarcoma, have been reported in the male genital region (SZCZECH, 1973;WELLS & MORGAN, 1980;MUNRO et al, 1982;TEANKUM et al, 2008;MORI et al, 2017;PEREIRA et al, 2020).…”

Section: Silveira Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Scrotal hemangiosarcoma in a Large White boar

et al. 2022

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Tumors are rarely diagnosed in swine specie because of the short lifespan of production animals. Normally, these tumors do not present any clinical signs and are often detected at the time of slaughter. A 2-year-old Large White boar, used in the reproductive management of a farm and without a history of pre-existing problems, was examined for skin lesions on the scrotum. Samples were collected from skin segments containing lesions for histopathological and immunohistochemical diagnosis. Microscopically, the nodes in the scrotum pouch consisted of poorly demarcated, highly cellular, expansile, and multifocally invasive neoplasms, composed of immature endotheliocytes organized into neovascular formations. The tumor cells were pleomorphic, slightly oval to spindle-shaped, with eosinophilic cytoplasm and hyperchromatic nuclei with one to three nucleoli. All the nodules analyzed were compatible with hemangiosarcoma. After immunohistochemical evaluation, for the quantification of tissue angiogenesis the neoplastic cells immunoexpressed the CD31 monoclonal antibodies and factor VIII, through the identification of proteins expressed on the surface of endothelial cells. The Ki67 cell proliferation marker was positive in approximately 10% of the neoplastic cells, demonstrating a high degree of malignancy. Hemangiosarcoma in swine species has already been identified in several organs and tissues; however, to date, no study has demonstrated the diagnosis of this condition on the skin of the scrotum, as reported in this study. Therefore, it is expected that this report will contribute to the knowledge of the frequency of neoplasms in swine species.

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Primary skin diseases and cutaneous manifestations of systemic diseases in swine

Cited by 4 publications

References 29 publications

Auricular and laryngeal chondritis in nursery and finishing pigs

Auricular and laryngeal chondritis in nursery and finishing pigs

Anatomopathological aspects and the use of immunohistochemistry in slaughter pigs with cutaneous lesions of erysipelas

Scrotal hemangiosarcoma in a Large White boar

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