Evaluation of pesticide residues in oranges from São Paulo, Brazil

Nakano, Viviane Emi; Kussumi, Tereza Atsuko; Lemes, Vera Regina Rossi; Kimura, Iracema de Albuquerque; Rocha, Sonia Bio; Alaburda, Janete; Oliveira, Maria Celeste Cardeal de; Ribeiro, Reinaldo Amauri; Faria, Ana Lúcia Rosa; Waldhelm, Kennia Cristian

doi:10.1590/1678-457x.6837

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Considering the lack of spatial association between infested and diseased plants, the fact that sampling of B. phoenicis should be recommended for action-threshold purposes (BASSANEZI and LARANJEIRA, 2007) and the compelling need for enforcement of good agricultural practices in orange production, specially regarding pesticide applications (NAKANO et al, 2016), we undertook this work to study the spatial distribution of B. phoenicis in citrus blocks and to develop a sequential sampling plan for the pest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND SEQUENTIAL SAMPLING OF Brevipalpus phoenicis IN CITRUS

et al. 2016

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ABSTRACT-Among the pests of citrus, one of the most important is the red and black flat mite Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes), which transmits the Citrus leprosis virus C (CiLv-C). When a rational pest control plan is adopted, it is important to determine the correct timing for carrying out the control plan. Making this decision demands constant follow-up of the culture through periodic sampling where knowledge about the spatial distribution of the pest is a fundamental part to improve sampling and control decisions. The objective of this work was to study the spatial distribution pattern and build a sequential sampling plan for the pest. The data used were gathered from two blocks of valencia sweet orange on a farm in São Paulo State, Brazil, by 40 inspectors trained for the data collection. The following aggregation indices were calculated: variance/ mean ratio, Morisita index, Green's coefficient, and k parameter of the negative binomial distribution. The data were tested for fit with Poisson and negative binomial distributions using the chi-square goodness of fit test. The sequential sampling was developed using Wald's Sequential Probability Ratio Test and validated through simulations. We concluded that the spatial distribution of B. phoenicis is aggregated, its behavior best fitted to the negative binomial distribution and we built and validated a sequential sampling plan for control decision-making. Index terms: red and black flat mite, negative binomial, Poisson distribution, decision making, integrated pest management. DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPACIAL E AMOSTRAGEM SEQUENCIAL DE Brevipalpus phoenicis EM CITRUSRESUMO-Dentre as pragas dos citros, uma das mais importantes é o ácaro da leprose Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes), que transmite o vírus da leprose dos citros (CiLv-C). Quando um plano racional de controle de pragas é adotado, é importante se determinar o tempo correto para se dar início ao plano de controle. Para tanto, é necessário acompanhamento constante da cultura através de amostragens periódicas, onde o conhecimento do comportamento espacial da praga é fundamental. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o padrão de distribuição espacial e desenvolver um plano de amostragem sequencial para a praga. Os dados utilizados foram coletados em dois talhões de laranja valência em uma fazenda no estado de São Paulo, Brasil, por 40 inspetores treinados para a atividade.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND SEQUENTIAL SAMPLING OF Brevipalpus phoenicis IN CITRUS

et al. 2016

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“…As the average orange tree locks up 100 kilograms of carbon in its stem and branches [34] these losses may have big implications for the atmosphere and our climate, as well as for the world's orange farmers. Intensive pesticide use can limit the disease-carrying leafhoppers, but with it come risks to water quality, biodiversity and human health [35]. Truly climate-smart orange production therefore means protecting groves from further destruction in a way that also avoids increased pollution of air, soil and water.…”

Section: * * *mentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate-Smart Orange Juice

Reay

2019

Climate-Smart Food

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Our daily glass of orange juice has travelled a long way to the breakfast table. Travel is part of its carbon footprint, but growing the oranges in the first place dominates emissions. Each glass has a total footprint of around 200 grams. In the UK we waste approximately 50,000 tonnes of orange juice each year-reducing household waste and improving the efficiency of water and fertiliser use on farms stand out as ways to cut the carbon footprint of orange juice. Growers in Brazil and the US are battling citrus greening disease and those in Florida have been devastated by frost damage in the past. In the future, climate change is set to bring greater pest and disease risks alongside drought and heat-stress issues. Strategies such as irrigation, soil moisture management and biological pest control all emerge as potentially powerful climate-smart solutions, but for some orange farmers abandoning orange growing altogether may be the only long-term answer.

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“… 3 Thus, farmers in different parts of the world use pesticides on crops for the purpose of protecting them from insects, other pests and disease outbreaks. 4 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Health Risk Evaluation of Organophosphate Insecticide Residues in Post-Harvest Cowpea in Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria

Akande

Sanni

Enefe

2020

Journal of Health and Pollution

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Background Cowpea is a leguminous crop commonly grown and eaten in Nigeria. Organophosphate insecticides are frequently used to control insect populations in cowpea crops. Objectives The present study was conducted to investigate the concentrations of organophosphate insecticide residues in cowpea varieties in Gwagwalada, Nigeria, and assess health risks to consumers. Methods Samples of brown and white cowpea varieties were collected from Gwagwalada market, Abuja, Nigeria. Concentrations of organophosphate insecticide residues in the cowpea samples were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with selective ion monitoring. Risk evaluation was carried out by the determination of estimated daily intake, hazard quotient and chronic hazard index. Results The organophosphates detected in the cowpea varieties were malathion, parathion, ethion and carbophenothion. The concentrations of insecticides in the cowpea types were higher than the maximum residue limits recommended by the European Union (EU) and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). The hazard quotient values were less than 100% for malathion, parathion and ethion in the cowpea varieties for adults and children. The hazard quotient of carbophenothion for adults was below 100% for the cowpea types, while the hazard quotient surpassed 100% for children. The chronic hazard indexes for children were 364% and 276% for the brown and white cowpea types, respectively. Conclusions The results obtained in the present study indicate that consumers, particularly children, may be exposed to health risks through the consumption of cowpea types. Consequently, monitoring and regulation of organophosphate insecticide usage in Nigeria should be intensified.

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Evaluation of pesticide residues in oranges from São Paulo, Brazil

Cited by 25 publications

References 15 publications

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND SEQUENTIAL SAMPLING OF Brevipalpus phoenicis IN CITRUS

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND SEQUENTIAL SAMPLING OF Brevipalpus phoenicis IN CITRUS

Climate-Smart Orange Juice

Human Health Risk Evaluation of Organophosphate Insecticide Residues in Post-Harvest Cowpea in Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria

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