Microclimate alterations caused by agricultural hail net coverage and effects on apple tree yield in subtropical climate of Southern Brazil

Bosco, Leosane Cristina; Bergamaschi, Homero; Cardoso, Loana Silveira; Paula, Viviane Aires de; Marodin, Gilmar Arduíno Bettio; Brauner, Pedro Corrêa

doi:10.1590/1678-4499.2016459

Cited by 21 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…70%. This value is close to the reduced photosynthetic active radiation usually measured under hail nets, i.e., 32.8%, without altering air temperature, humidity or rainfall, and slightly increasing yield (e.g., apple, Bosco et al, 2018).…”

Section: Belowground Niche Partitioningsupporting

confidence: 82%

Apple farming systems – current initiatives and some prospective views on how to improve sustainability

Lauri¹,

Pitchers²,

Dufour³

et al. 2020

Acta Hortic.

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Apple cultivation has evolved tremendously in past decades. Both apple productivity, and aesthetic and quality of the fruit, have been strongly improved resulting from genetic improvement, optimization of tree training and pruning, and orchard design and management. However, these improvements were also done at the expense of an increasing dependence on external inputs such as water, fertilizers and synthetic pesticides. This dependence is now questioned because of the generated environmental pollutions and health issues. In the last decades, an increasing amount of initiatives have been developed that open the way towards more sustainable apple production systems. Concepts as well as on-station and onfarm works are developed in various contexts such as 'Integrated Fruit Production', 'Organic Farming' and 'Agroecology' with the objectives to increase biological regulations of pests and diseases and/or to improve soil fertility. All together results point out the importance of diversifying resources and habitats for beneficial arthropods in the orchard and its vicinity to foster ecosystem services related to pest suppression and to adopt cultural practices enhancing soil fertility. They also indicate some practical guidelines consisting in a better management of grass alleys and lining hedgerows within and around the orchard, respectively. From a more prospective view and taking inspiration from tropical fruit-tree based agroforestry, these works suggest that combining apple trees with other herbaceous and woody plants with various uses (soft fruit, aromatic plants, etc.) opens to more resilient agroecosystems, possibly mitigating climate change. They also enlarge our vision of the current apple orchard towards a multiproduction system including apple among other productions. From the 'plant science' point of view this emerging paradigm challenges current knowledge of the plasticity of the apple tree physiology and architecture, and agronomic performance, in response to interactions with neighboring plants. It also stimulates necessary collaborations with other research fields such as socio-economics, for example on how the grower may handle those complex agroecosystems, optimize labor and valorize production.

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Section: Belowground Niche Partitioningsupporting

confidence: 82%

Apple farming systems – current initiatives and some prospective views on how to improve sustainability

Lauri¹,

Pitchers²,

Dufour³

et al. 2020

Acta Hortic.

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show abstract

“…It is predicted that the unchanged dew conditions It is concluded that the use of anti-hail nets has a significant impact on precipitation distribution, which is contradictory to the reports of Bosco et al (2017). It is anticipated that in both situations (under and outside the net), the same amount of precipitation reaches the plants and floor and that the collected data is only a consequence of uneven precipitation distribution in a given environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…They predict that, in cases of very low precipitation, a portion of rain is "intercepted" by the net, where it also evaporatestherefore actually not falling on the plants and floor in the orchard under the net. Bosco et al (2017) report no changes in precipitation quantities when covering the orchard with anti-hail nets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The available literature concerning microclimatic conditions under anti-hail nets is very modest on precipitation quantities and distribution, even though this parameter, as reported by Bosco et al (2017), is Original scientific paper DOI: /10.5513/JCEA01/21.2.2582 Brglez Sever et al: The influence of differently coloured anti-hail nets and geomorphologic... directly connected to water balance and rh in treetops. Zadravec et al (2009), who reported a smaller quantity of precipitation when using nets, believe that the change in precipitation measurements is the result of measuring accuracy of the instrument used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The findings concerning the influence on anti-hail nets on microclimatic conditions in the orchard are not consistent, while all authors agree about strong reduction of the wind in the orchard under the net (Gordon, 2012;Milanović et al, 2014;McCaskill et al, 2016;Bosco et al, 2017;Ilić et al, 2017). According to Bosco et al (2017), changes in wind speed can significantly influence the stomatal conductance, transpiration, energy and water balance, as well as pollination success. It is anticipated that information about the microclimate as well as the wind conditions are partly a consequence of different knitting pattern, materials used, the net's construction; all these parameters could cause differences in the results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The influence of differently coloured anti-hail nets and geomorphologic characteristics on microclimatic and light conditions in apple orchards

Sever¹,

Tojnko²,

Breznikar³

et al. 2020

j. cent. eur. agric.

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Geomorphologic characteristics like altitude and terrain slope have an important but often neglected impact on light conditions in orchards. The study concentrated on the impact of altitude and terrain slope in combination with various colours of anti-hail nets (red, grey, blue, green and black) on the light and microclimate conditions in apple orchards.The results exhibit a large reduction of the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) under the nets, most prominently under blue and red nets (reduction between 38.7 and 45.6%), while the impact of coloured nets on other microclimatic parameters (average air temperature, relative air humidity, temperature of dew point, wet-bulb temperature, heat index, minimum air temperature, maximum air temperature) remain irrelevant. The only consistent difference is an average of 2% increase of maximum air temperature under the blue net in comparison to other treatments. The use of the net also significantly reduce the wind speed (on average by 56.3%) and air flow (on average by 63.4%), and changes the distribution of precipitation in the orchard, most prominently in cases of heavy rain and drizzle. Regarding the orchard's geomorphologic characteristics, a positive relationship exists between altitude and PAR.

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Solar radiation effects on growth, anatomy, and physiology of apple trees in a temperate climate of Brazil

2020

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Microclimate alterations caused by agricultural hail net coverage and effects on apple tree yield in subtropical climate of Southern Brazil

Cited by 21 publications

References 22 publications

Apple farming systems – current initiatives and some prospective views on how to improve sustainability

Apple farming systems – current initiatives and some prospective views on how to improve sustainability

The influence of differently coloured anti-hail nets and geomorphologic characteristics on microclimatic and light conditions in apple orchards

Solar radiation effects on growth, anatomy, and physiology of apple trees in a temperate climate of Brazil

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