Ocotea porosa: Anatomy and Histochemistry of Leaves and Stems, Chemical Composition, Cytotoxicity and Insecticidal Activities of Essential Oil

Abstract

Ocotea porosa (Nees & Mart.) Barroso, commonly known as "imbuia", "canela-imbuia" or "imbuiaamarela" in Brazil, is a tree of the Southern Atlantic Forest. The present study investigates the anatomy of leaf and stem, volatile oil chemistry, as well as cytotoxicity and insecticidal activities of the essential oil of O. porosa. Species identification was achieved by anatomy features, mainly due to paracytic and anomocytic stomata; non-glandular trichomes; biconvex midrib and petiole with a collateral open arc vascular bundle; presence of a sclerenchymatous layer, starch grains and crystal sand in the stem; and the presence of HIGHLIGHTS  The anatomy features were useful for identification of Ocotea porosa.  The major volatile compounds were α-pinene, β-pinene and bicyclogermacrene.  Essential oil of O. porosa was cytotoxic against McCoy, B16F10 and MCF7cell lines.  The cytotoxic mechanism might be related to apoptotic events.  Insert 1-4 highlights no longer than 85 characters.  Insert a highlight no longer than 85 characters.  Insert a highlight no longer than 85 characters. • Insert a highlight no longer than 85 characters.

Microscopic investigations of Ocotea paranaensis―A Brazilian endemic and endangered species

“…A continuous sclerenchymatous sheath surrounds the vascular bundle (Figure 2b). These features are also reported for other species of Ocotea (Betim et al, 2020;Brustulim et al, 2020;Farago et al, 2005;Gonçalves et al, 2018). The petiole, sectioned transversely at the median portion, has a flat-convex shape with two small lateral ribs (Figure 2f).…”

“…In cross-section, the midrib is biconvex, more rounded on the abaxial side (Figure 2b). This shape has been described for several Ocotea species (Betim et al, 2020;Brustulim et al, 2020;Gonçalves et al, 2018). The epidermis is uni-layered and covered by a thick cuticle.…”

“…Gribner, Moura, et al (2020) confirmed the presence of phenolic compounds in the leaves of O. paranaensis and isolated and identified four flavonoids, namely, epicatechin, quercetin, kaempferol and hyperin. Phenolics were also evidenced in the midrib of O. gardneri (Coutinho, Agra, Barbosa‐Filho, & Basilio, 2006) and O. puberula (Farago et al, 2005), and the midrib, petiole and stem of O. porosa (Brustulim et al, 2020) and O. nutans (Betim et al, 2020).…”

Light and Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy, and Histochemistry ofEucalyptus tereticornis

“…The presence of crystals in plants is common and may be formed in any organ or tissue. They usually occur in the stems (Brustulim et al, 2020) and leaves (Klider et al, 2020) and can be deposited in different tissues and locations, such as within epidermal cells (Traesel et al, 2017), externally to the epidermis (Almeida et al, 2020), in the mesophyll (Tirloni et al, 2018), and in the cortex and pith (D'Almeida et al, 2021) of the stem. They present a great variety of morphologies, such as prisms of different shapes, druses, styloid, and crystal sand, and are useful in the species identification.…”

Eucalyptus cinerea: Microscopic Profile, Chemical Composition of Essential Oil and its Antioxidant, Microbiological and Cytotoxic Activities

“…Several species detoxify soluble oxalic acid as insoluble calcium salts in their tissues. They can be prismatic crystals, druses, raphides, styloids or crystal sand and their shapes are important for diagnostic purposes [28,76,77,78]. Weiner and Dove [79] have reported that the excess of calcium is usually precipitated in calcium salts such as oxalate, carbonate, phosphate, silicate, sulfate, citrate and malate.…”