Thymbra Spicata Var. Intricata Induces Mesenchymal Stem Cell Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation

Abstract

A natural agent that maintains mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs)

Composition, and antioxidant and enzyme‐inhibition activities, of essential oils from Satureja thymbra and Thymbra spicata var. spicata

“…Thymbra spicata var. intricata induces mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation . Cholesterol‐reducing, antioxidant, and liver‐protective effects were reported by Akkol et al for T. spicata.…”

Mesenchymal stem cells as a platform for research on traditional medicine

“…[ 23 ] , Ocimum basilicum [ 24 ] , Paullinia cupana (guaraná) [ 25 ] , Glycyrrhiza glabra [ 26 ] , Thymbraspicata var. intricata [ 27 ] , TCM formula ZD-I [ 28 ] , Rhizoma drynariae [ 29 ] , Foeniculum vulgare [ 30 ] , Maluspumila Mill [ 31 ] , Ferula gummosa [ 32 ] , Ginkgo biloba [ 33 ] , Laminaria japonica [ 34 ] . These evidences have been obtained from the bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSCs) [ 24 , 26 , 27 , 29 , 30 , 32 , 33 ], wharton's jelly MSCs (WJ-MSCs) [ 19 , 21 ], adipose tissue-derived MSCs (AD-MSCs) [ 23 , 25 , 31 ], human exfoliated deciduous teeth derived MSCs (SHED) [ 20 ], cord blood-derived MSCs (CB-MSCs) [ 23 , 31 ], dental pulp MSCs (DP-MSCs) [ 24 , 27 ], placenta-derived MSCs (PD-MSCs) [ 18 ] and telomerised hMSCs [ 28 ].…”

“…intricata [ 27 ] , TCM formula ZD-I [ 28 ] , Rhizoma drynariae [ 29 ] , Foeniculum vulgare [ 30 ] , Maluspumila Mill [ 31 ] , Ferula gummosa [ 32 ] , Ginkgo biloba [ 33 ] , Laminaria japonica [ 34 ] . These evidences have been obtained from the bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSCs) [ 24 , 26 , 27 , 29 , 30 , 32 , 33 ], wharton's jelly MSCs (WJ-MSCs) [ 19 , 21 ], adipose tissue-derived MSCs (AD-MSCs) [ 23 , 25 , 31 ], human exfoliated deciduous teeth derived MSCs (SHED) [ 20 ], cord blood-derived MSCs (CB-MSCs) [ 23 , 31 ], dental pulp MSCs (DP-MSCs) [ 24 , 27 ], placenta-derived MSCs (PD-MSCs) [ 18 ] and telomerised hMSCs [ 28 ]. Several plant-derived bioactive compounds have been studied for their proliferative potential, which include phloridzin (flavonoid) [ 31 ], naringin (flavonoid) [ 29 ], fucoidan ( Laminaria japonica ) [ 34 ], amphirionin-4 and 5 (Polyketides) [ 35 ].…”

“… Soy beans ADMSCs and CBMSCs Increase proliferation [ 23 ] Ocimum basilicum Flower buds DPMSCs and BMMSCs Increase proliferation [ 24 ] Paullinia cupana Hydroalcoholic extract ADMSCs Increase proliferation [ 25 ] Glycyrrhiza glabra Ethyl Acetate Extract of root BMMSCs Increase proliferation [ 26 ] Thymbra spicata var. intricata Ethanolic extract of flower buds DPMSCs Increase proliferation [ 27 ] TCM formula extract (ZD-I) Water-soluble fractions of the formula hMSC-TERT cells Stimulate proliferation [ 28 ] Rhizoma drynariae (Naringin) Commercially procured Naringin BMMSCs Enhance proliferation [ 29 ] Foeniculum vulgare Ethanol BMMSCs Increase proliferation [ 30 ] Apple Ethanol extract ADMSCs and CB-MSCs Promote proliferation [ 31 ] Ferula gummosa Ethanol extract BM-MSCs Increase proliferation [ 32 ] Ginko biloba (ginkgolide and bilobalide) Leaves BM-MSCs Increase proliferation [ 33 ] Fucoidan Derived from brown algae and seaweed BM-MSCs Induce proliferation [ 34 ] Cissus quadrangularis (Linn.) …”

“… Name of the herb/herbal formulation Source of the extract Stem Cells Source Significant outcome Reference Ocimum basilicum Flower buds DPMSCs and BMMSCs Increase osteogenic differentiation [ 24 ] Glycyrrhiza glabra Ethyl Acetate Extract of root BMMSCs Increase osteogenic differentiation [ 26 ] Thymbraspicata var. intricata Ethanolic extract of flower buds DPMSCs Increase osteogenic differentiation [ 27 ] TCM formula extract (ZD-I) Water-soluble fractions of the formula hMSC-TERT Decrease the bone mineral deposition of hMSCs [ 28 ] Rhizoma drynariae (Naringin) Commercially procured Naringin BMMSCs Enhance osteogenic differentiation [ 29 ] Foeniculum vulgare Ethanol BMMSCs Increase osteogenic differentiation [ 30 ] Ferula gummosa Ethanol extract BM-MSCs Osteoprotective [ 32 ] Ginko biloba (ginkgolide and bilobalide) Leaves BM-MSCs Increase osteogenic differentiation [ 33 ] Fucoidan Derived from brown algae and seaweed BM-MSCs Induce osteogenic differentiation [ 34 ] Cissus quadrangularis (Linn.) Petroleum ether extract BM-MSCs Stimulate osteoblastogenesis [ 37 ] Piper longum L. Aqueous …”