Characterization of Some Efficient Cellulase Producing Bacteria Isolated from Pulp and Paper Mill Effluent Contaminated Soil

Abstract

The wide variety of bacteria in the environment permits screening for more efficient cellulases to help overcome current challenges in biofuels production. This study focuses on the isolation of efficient cellulase producing bacteria found in pulp and paper mill effluent contaminated soil which can be considered for use in large scale biorefining. Four different bacterial strains were isolated and screened for cellulase production by using CMC agar medium. All isolates showed cellulase activity these strains were further characterized by morphological, physiological, biochemical and 16S rRNA gene analyses. These isolates were identified as two Bacillus subtilis sub sps, Bacillus mojavensis and Bacillus cereus.

Diversity and Activity of Aquatic Cellulolytic Bacteria Isolated from Sedimentary Water in the Littoral Zone of Tonle Sap Lake, Cambodia

“…Lastly, B. mojavensis has been isolated from desert soil, medical plants, and rhizosphere samples [74][75][76]. Only a few strains from soil samples have been confirmed to be cellulolytic bacteria [77,78]. Importantly, this study showed that B. mojavensis strain REP303 could be isolated from the sedimentary water samples of Tonle Sap Lake and certainly designated as an active cellulolytic bacterium.…”

Determining Cellulolytic Activity of Microorganisms

“…After incubation, various substances are added to the medium, in order to visualise hydrolysis zones of the substrate present in the medium. The solution of Congo red in the concentration from 0.1 % [16,24,38] to 1.0 % [3,11,27,37] is most frequently used. The dye is left for 15 min [3,11,24,27], the excess is removed and the medium is next covered with 1M solution of NaCl for 15-20 min [3,10,15,21,37].…”

“…The solution of Congo red in the concentration from 0.1 % [16,24,38] to 1.0 % [3,11,27,37] is most frequently used. The dye is left for 15 min [3,11,24,27], the excess is removed and the medium is next covered with 1M solution of NaCl for 15-20 min [3,10,15,21,37]. The medium can also be inundated with iodine solution for 5 [39] -10 min [15,35] or trypan blue [40].…”

“…95 °C for 5-10 min. After that period, 0.036 cm 3 where: A 540 sample -the absorbance obtained from DNS assay for each cellulose assay, A 540 /mg standard -the absorbance for 1 mg of glucose as derived from the glucose standard curve, 5.55 µmole/mg -the number µmoles of glucose in 1 mg, 60 min -the assay incubation time, X -the volume of suitably diluted cellulose that is assayed [cm 3 ] (in the standard and 96 mm 3 FPA assays is 0.5 cm 3 and 0.032 cm 3 , respectively).…”

“…Its content in plants depends on their age, plant type and parts. For example it is 45-50 % in leafy stems, 40-55 % in woody stems and 15-20 % in leaves [1][2][3][4].…”