Influence of orchiectomy of seven month old bulls on bronchoalveolar immune function

Abstract

The present study evaluated the impact that orchiectomy, a routine but painful intervention in bovine husbandry, can cause on pulmonary immunity. To identify whether orchiectomy can impair lung defense, analyses of serum cortisol concentration and of alveolar macrophage and their function (phagocytosis and respiratory burst) were evaluated. Sixteen Holstein bulls (7 mo old, 250±50kg of body weight BW) were divided in two homogeneous groups -the castrated group and the sham group -and the sample were collected on Days -7, 1 and 7 relative to the day of the procedure. Serum cortisol concentration statistically increased on Days 1 and 7 (D-7: 4,97±1,28ng/ml; D1: 6,35 ±1,10ng/ml; D7: 8,28±1,94ng/ml) after castration and these variables seem to impact the alveolar macrophage percentage on D1 (D-7: 76,86±3,44%; D1: 60,92±2,44%; D7: 74,17±2,56%) and their respective function of phagocytosis (P) and the oxidative burst (OB) (D-7: 4,97±1,28ng/mL; D1: 6,35 ±1,10ng/mL; D7: 8,28±1,94ng/mL). Notou-se diminuição de macrófagos alveolares no D1 (D-7: 76,86±3,44%; D1: 60,92±2,44%; D7: 74,17±2,56%) 25±15,63 valores arbitrários; D1: 54,75±14,07 valores arbitrários; D7: 31,77±8,44 valores arbitrários;34±39,52 valores arbitrários; D1: 135,25±37,68 valores arbitrários, D7: 117,73±18,17 valores arbitrários) e de suas funções de fagocitose (F) e metabolismo oxidativo (MO) nos dias 1 e 7 (

The effect of bovine vaccines against respiratory viruses administered either intranasal or intramuscular on broncho-alveolar fluid cells of heifers

“…Du Manoir et al 2002;Bertagnon et al 2017). Thus, the results of the present study demonstrate that the IN vaccination protocol led to a reduction in oxidative capacity of bronchoalveolar cells at the pulmonary level, leaving pathogens inhaled…”

“…This function is initiated by cell phagocytosis, followed by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which promote the elimination of internalized pathogens (Burgos et al 2011 ; Fonteque et al 2015 ). This mechanism is important to keep the respiratory tract healthy, and if this activity is reduced, it is difficult to eliminate infectious agents, consequently increasing the chance of developing bacterial pneumonia (Du Manoir et al 2002 ; Bertagnon et al 2017 ). Thus, the results of the present study demonstrate that the IN vaccination protocol led to a reduction in oxidative capacity of bronchoalveolar cells at the pulmonary level, leaving pathogens inhaled alive in the posterior respiratory tract and making it more prone to infections during the establishment of vaccine immunity.…”

Effect of flunixin or ketoprofen in caudectomy by elastration in lambs: pain and neutrophil function

“…Although most studies that involve research on pain levels measure the serum cortisol levels, we did not measure the levels of serum cortisol because the levels of this hormone have an individual variation (Bertagnon et al 2017). Sousa et al (2019) found an increase in the level of cortisol serum in lambs from 2 of 3 groups submitted for the same surgical procedure (castration and implantation of ruminal cannula) before the analgesic protocol reinforcing the hypothesis that cortisol is influenced by the individual response.…”

“…While quantitative/semi-quantitative methods (RR and EF) are more prone to external interference (Becker et al 2012), posture assessment is a more subjective technique that may not accurately reflect the signs of chronic pain and stress (Millman 2013). Therefore Bertagnon et al (2017) suggest that the main identifying parameters of chronic pain are weight loss and changes in health status and immunity. In this way, our measured parameters such as the V, RR, pain-related postures, and blood granulocytes of the animals, indicated the procedure was deleterious to the animals, did not prevent the acute pain or discomfort.…”