Evaluation of the supplementation of a feed additive as a potential protector against the adverse effects of 2.5 ppm T-2 toxin on growing broiler chickens

Abstract

A trial was conducted to evaluate a feed additive containing epoxidase activity from a bacterium (Mycofix-S) as a potential protection against the adverse effects of 2.5 ppm dietary T-2 toxin in male growing broiler chickens. A total of 144 one-day-old Ross 308 male chicks were individually wingbanded and allotted into each of the four experimental groups. Group 1: negative control, no T-2 toxin or additive; group 2: Mycofix-S, 2.5 g/kg; group 3: positive control, 2.5 ppm T-2 toxin; group 4: 2.5 ppm T-2 toxin + 2.5 g/kg Mycofix-S. Feed and water were provided ad libitum for 28 days (days 1 to 28 of age). Each experimental treatment was replicated 6 times, with 6 birds per replicate pen. Response variables included performance parameters, serum activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and amylase, relative weight of selected organs and histology of the upper digestive system. T-2 toxin at 2.5 ppm significantly (P = 0.016) decreased the 28-day body weight gain and cumulative feed intake without affecting feed conversion. The feed additive counteracted these adverse effects. Serum enzyme activities were not significantly (P>0.05) affected for the four experimental groups but when data from the groups receiving T-2 toxin was pooled and compared against the pooled data from groups without the toxin a significant decrease in amylase activity was observed in chickens receiving T-2 toxin. The histological examination of the upper digestive system revealed lesions in mouth, esophagus, proventriculus, gizzard and duodenum in the chickens fed T-2 toxin without the additive. Chickens fed T-2 toxin plus the additive showed lesions in the same tissues except in the duodenum. The results of the present study show that the addition of 2.5 g/kg of the feed additive tested protects against adverse effects on performance and also the integrity of the duodenal mucosa. Keywords: ALP, amylase, epoxidase, mycotoxin decontamination, trichothecenes RESUMO Foi realizado um experimento com o objetivo de avaliar um aditivo alimentar contendo atividade de epoxidase de uma bactéria (Mycofix-S) como proteção potencial contra os efeitos adversos de uma dieta com 2,5ppm de toxina T-2 em frangos de corte machos. Um total de 144 pintos machos Ross 308 de um dia de idade foram marcados na asa individualmente e alocados em um de quatro grupos experimentais: grupo 1: controle negativo, sem toxina T-2 ou aditivo; grupo 2: 2,5g/kg de Mycofix-S; grupo 3: controle positivo, 2,5ppm de toxina T-2; grupo 4: 2,5ppm de toxina T-2 + 2,5g/kg de Mycofix-S. Alimento e água foram fornecidos ad libitum por 28 dias (dias um a 28 de idade). Cada tratamento experimental foi replicado seis vezes, com seis pintos por gaiola de replicação. As variáveis de resposta incluíram

Antioxidant agents against trichothecenes: new hints for oxidative stress treatment

“…These observations suggest the possibility of using the isolated bacterium as a feed treatment to address DON contamination under empirical field conditions. Another trial was conducted to evaluate a feed additive containing epoxidase activity from a bacterium (Mycofix-S) as potential protection against the adverse effects of T-2 toxin in growing male broiler chickens [ 111 ]. The results showed that T-2 toxin at 2.5 ppm significantly decreased body weight gain and cumulative feed intake.…”

Association of the severity of tongue lesions in broiler chickens with the quality of corn in feed

“…In the present study, the maximum detection limit of T-2 toxins exceeded by 4-fold the recommended one, which can compromise the health and performance of poultry (Murugesan et al, 2015;Diaz et al, 2016 Diaz et al (2016) used 2.5 ppm of T-2 toxin in the diet of broiler chickens and observed a decrease in performance, an increase in necrosis, and ulceration of the tongue and digestive tract. It should be noted that T-2 toxin, vomitoxin or DON, monoacetoxyscirpenol, and DAS, from the trichothecene group, can cause: erosive and ulcerative lesions of the oral mucosa and labial commissure; necrosis and erosion of the gizzard and proventriculus; inflammation of the epithelial mucosa; and intestinal bleeding.…”

“…bras., Brasília, v.52, n.10, p.942-945, out. 2017 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-204X2017001000014 performance of birds with oral lesions is impaired because of immune dysfunction, reduced feed intake, and lower daily weight gain (Diaz et al, 2016). Brake et al (2000) evaluated the effect of trichothecenes in the diet of breeder chickens and observed that DAS caused oral wounds -the most affected areas being the salivary glands and the tip of the tongue -, lowered body weight, and reduced feed intake.…”

“…Tongue lesions in birds have been reported in Colombia and in other Latin American countries, including Brazil. Their etiology is unknown; however, it has been postulated that trichothecene mycotoxins, such as T-2 toxin, DAS, and vomitoxin, play an important role (Diaz et al, 2016).…”