Is there a difference between the right and left kidney? A macroscopic approach in Brazilian Shorthair Cat

Abstract

The aim of this study was to characterize the renal morphology and anatomical variations of the renal pedicle in domestic shorthaired cats. Dissections were performed in 40 adult cats, obtained from the necropsy unit without macroscopic renal pathology. Kidney dimensions (length, width, and thickness) and the length and origin of the renal arteries and main branches were measured. The length, width and thickness of the right kidney (cm) were 3.83±0.46, 2.42±0.22, and 2.22±0.33 in males, and 3.61±0.53, 2.28±0.38, and 2.13±0.40 in females, respectively. In the left kidney, these measures were 3.82±0.32, 2.48±0.31, and 2.37±0.32 in males, and 3.48±0.47, 2.39±0.26, and 2.15±0.34 in females, respectively. The left kidneys of males were significantly bigger than those of females. There was a positive linear correlation between the rostrum-sacral length and ellipsoid volume of the left kidney only in males. Most of the kidneys were situated ventrally between the third to fifth lumbar vertebras. The right renal artery was situated ventrally to third lumbar vertebra and the left artery to the fourth. The results of the present study contribute to the field of comparative and applied anatomy. 3,83 ± 0,46, 2,42 ± 0,22 e 2,22 ± 0,33 em machos e 3,61 ± 0,53, 2,28 ± 0,38 e 2,13 ± 0,40 em fêmeas, respectivamente. No rim esquerdo, essas medidas foram 3,82 ± 0,32, 2,48 ± 0,31 e 2,37 ± 0,32 em machos e 3,48 ± 0,47, 2,39 ± 0,26 e 2,15 ± 0,34 Keywords: domestic feline, renal measures, vascularization RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar a morfologia renal e as variações anatômicas do pedículo renal em gatos de pelo curto brasileiro. As dissecções foram realizadas em 40 gatos adultos, obtidos de necropsias sem evidência de patologia renal macroscópica. Medidas renais (comprimento, largura e espessura), comprimento e origem das artérias renais e ramos principais foram obtidos. O comprimento, a largura e a espessura do rim direito (cm) foram

Anatomical characterisation of the kidneys of Didelphis aurita (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae)

“…Because of this positioning, the right renal vessels also exhibited a more cranial location than the contralateral ones. This observation is quite consistent in mammals [3,7,28,32], with the exception of pigs,…”

“…This differs from the human species, in which the kidneys are larger in males [21]. In domestic cats the left kidneys have greater length in males [32].…”

“…However, in both sexes were found right kidneys whose cranial pole was at the level of T12 (20,7%) and kidneys of females with caudal pole at the level of L4 (6,9%). [ Table III correlation between the rostrum-sacral length and renal volume [30,32]. In domestic dogs, there was a correlation between the size of the kidneys and the body mass of the animals [27].…”

“…In the comparison with mammals of approximate size, the kidneys of D. aurita had smaller measurements and ellipsoid volume than the average of domestic dogs (60-90x40-50x30x40 mm) [27], L. gymnocercus (45x24x21 mm and 11-12cm 3 ) [30], of domestic cats (38-44x24-31x20-25 mm and 9-12cm 3 ) [32] and slightly larger than the mustelid Mustela putorius furo (24-30x12-13.5x11x13.5 mm) [10].…”

“…The mean length of the left kidney (31 mm) was higher than the right one (28.6 mm), although there was no significant difference in the comparison between the averages of both kidneys (p = 0.08). In domestic dogs, no differences were observed in the dimensions between right and left kidneys [27], as well as in New Zealand rabbits [28] and domestic cats [32]. In the wild canid L. gymnocercus, there was also a tendency, although not significant, of the left kidney to be longer (p < 0.06) and wider (p < 0.07) than the right one [30].…”