Effect of feeding grape seed Proanthocyanidin extract on production performance, metabolic and anti-oxidative status of dairy cattle

Abstract

Aims to investigate the effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) on production performance, metabolism, and anti-oxidative status of Holstein dairy cattle in early lactation. Forty-eight multiparous Holstein dairy cattle were assigned to four groups (CON, G20, G40 and G80) and supplied with 0, 20, 40, and 80mg GSPE/kg of body weight/day. G20 significantly increased milk yield compared with other groups. Milk protein and non-fat-solids were increased in G20, G40 and G80 groups compared with the control group only at the 7th day during the experiment. No significant difference was observed in milk fat and somatic cell count, nor on parameters of energy metabolism in blood, liver function and kidney function between the four groups. There was no significant difference in glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity, and hydrogen peroxide between the groups; but the malondialdehyde content of G20 significantly increased at day 14 in comparison with CON, and tended to increase at the 28th day. In conclusion, feeding 20mg GSPE/kg of body weight/day was associated with a significant increase in milk yield without detrimental effects on liver or kidney function and with substantial energy metabolism and antioxidant parameters improvement in early lactation dairy cattle.

Differentiation of Subclinical Ketosis and Liver Function Test Indices in Adipose Tissues Associated With Hyperketonemia in Postpartum Dairy Cattle

“…In this study, we found that the mRNA expression of GHR in adipose tissue was significantly higher and upregulated in hyperketonemia cows. Our results are in line with a previous study that found that an increase in blood GH promoted decomposition and lipolysis in adipose tissue (27,38,39,50,51). It has been suggested that lipolysis is closely related to the activation of STAT5.…”

“…The sharp increase in plasma insulin, glucose or NEFA during early lactation could be a possible cause of hyperketonemia. It has been suggested that hormonal disparities could be a leading factor in SCK development besides negative energy imbalance (27). In this study, we found that GH concentration increased in the hyperketonemia group compared to the CON group which is in line with previously reported observations (37).…”

“…Previously, several reports revealed that shortly after parturition, the concentration of GH in blood surges, and this surge occurs together with a precipitous decline of IGF-I concentration in dairy cows' blood (28)(29)(30). In another study, it was reported that GH increases in blood encourage lipolysis in lactating cows' adipose tissue (27). In this study, the plasma levels of GH, BHBA and NEFA levels in SCK cows were significantly higher than CON cows, and the plasma level of GLu in SCK cows was significantly lower compared to CON cows during 0 to 7 weeks of postpartum.…”

“…GH elevates the use of fat by stimulating triglyceride breakdown and oxidation in adipocytes. It has been reported that GH controls deviations in nutrient metabolism in the lactation period in high milkproducing dairy cattle (27). Thus, intense endocrine deviations occur throughout the transition phase to control the important metabolic changes in dairy cows (10).…”

Supplementing young cattle with a rumen-protected grape extract around vaccination increases humoral response and antioxidant defenses

“…More specifically, the present results are in line with observations made by other authors. In one study where reported grape seed extract inclusion levels ranged from 20 to 80 mg of grape extract per kg of body weight in dairy cows averaging 580 kg liveweight (thus equivalent to 11.6 g to 46.4 g/head/day), supplemented cows had a significant improvement of their total antioxidant capacity in the post-partum period (up to 42 days post-partum) ( Huang et al, 2019 ). Moreover, a supplementation with 10 g of grape extract/head/day was reported to be able to control calving-induced oxidative stress through modulation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) expression in peri‑parturient cows ( Colitti & Stefanon, 2006 ).…”