Breeding biology in a population of Rufous-collared Sparrow (Zonotrichia capensis, Statius Müller, 1776) at different elevations in the Tropical Andes

Cardona‐Salazar, Leydy J.; Busi, Ana; Castillo, Daniela Gómez; Ossa‐López, Paula A.; Rivera‐Páez, Fredy A.; Vásquez, Rodrigo A.; Castaño‐Villa, Gabriel J.

doi:10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2020-0985

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 32 publications

(28 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, this scenario has been changing gradually in recent years, with the constant publication of new data (e.g. Beier & Fontana 2019, Floriano et al 2020, Lara et al 2020, Studer & Crozariol 2020, Nunes et al 2020, Martins et al 2020, Cardona-Salazar et al 2021, Larre et al 2022.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding biology of Hooded Gnateater Conopophaga roberti Hellmayr, 1905 (Aves: Conopophagidae)

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Hooded Gnateater Conopophaga roberti Hellmayr, 1905 is an insectivorous understory passeriform with discrete behavior, whose reproductive attributes are poorly-known. In the present study, we describe the reproductive biology of the species and the growth pattern of the nestlings, based on observations conducted in remnants of the Cerrado savanna in eastern Maranhão state, in Brazil. The nests were identified during active searches conducted between June, 2018 and March, 2021. A total of 22 nests were found over the course of three breeding seasons. The cup-shaped nests were supported by small branches and were constructed at a mean height of 40.6 ± 16.1 cm (N = 21) above the ground. The nests were 23.1 ± 3.9 cm in length and 14.1 ± 1.6 cm in width (N = 21). The eggs were beige in color, with irregular brown mottling only at the rounded end of the egg, which had a mean length of 21.3 ± 0.8 mm, width of 17.2 ± 0.8 mm, and mass of 3.1 ± 0.1 g (N = 23). Hatchlings are completely naked and weigh 3.1 ± 0.2 g (N = 7), and when they abandon the nest, they have yet to reach full adult size, with the total length being 65.4% of that of the adult, the wing, 65.4%, the head, 73.9%, the culmen, 74.2%, the body mass, 73.3%, and the tarsus, 89.0% that of the adult. The growth curves are sigmoidal and all the coefficients of determination are at least 0.96, with the body length having the highest value (R2 = 0.98). During the breeding season, the adult pair emitted alarm calls constantly when observers were in the vicinity of the nest. On a number of occasions, members of the breeding pair were observed moving away from the nest as it was approached by observers, while engaging in broken-wing display. The nest architecture, the color of the eggs, and the behaviors presented by this gnateater were similar to those described for other Conopophaga. With this work we contributed to improve the knowledge on the breeding behavior of this poorly know group of understory insectivorous birds.

show abstract