Antioxidant status and their enhancements strategies for water stress tolerance in chickpea

Abstract

Water stress executes severe influences on the plant growth and development through modifying physio-chemical properties. Therefore, a field experiment was designed to evaluate the antioxidant status and their enhancements strategies for water stress tolerance in chickpea on loam and clay loam soils under agro-ecological conditions of Arid Zone Research Institute, Bahawalpur (29.3871 °N, 71.653 °E) and Cholistan farm near Derawer (28.19°N, 71.80°E) of Southern Punjab, Pakistan during winter 2014-15. Experimental treatments comprised of two chickpea cultivars i.e. Bhakhar 2011 (drought tolerant) and DUSHT (drought sensitive), two water stress levels i.e. water stress at flowering stage and water stress at flowering + pod formation + grain filling stage including well watered (control) and two exogenous application of osmoprotectants i.e. glycine betaine (GB) 20 ppm and proline 10 uM including distilled water (control). Results indicated that water stress at various growth stages adversely affects the growth, yield and quality attributes of both chickpea cultivars. Exogenous application of GB and proline improved the growth, yield and quality parameters of both chickpea cultivars even under water stress conditions. However, superior results were obtained with exogenously applied GB on Bhakhar 2011 under well-watered conditions. Similarly, foliar spray of GB on chickpea cultivar Bhakhar 2011 under stress at flowering + pod formation + grain filling stage produced maximum superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase contents. These results suggested that application of GB mitigates the adverse effects of water stress and enhanced tolerance in chickpea mainly due to higher antioxidant enzymes activity, demonstrating the protective measures of plant cells in stress condition. Hence, antioxidants status might be a suitable method for illustrating water stress tolerance in chickpea.

Alternate gene expression profiling of monoterpenes in Hymenocrater longiflorus as a novel pharmaceutical plant under water deficit

“…Although, in our study was verified that higher contents of proline than a critical point might lead to negative effect on the plants. In concordance with our study, different authors showed that proline regulation application was able to decrease the negative effects of environmental stress on Trifolium repens L. 30 , tobacco 32 , Glycyrrhiza uralensis 27 , and chickpea 28 mostly via decreasing the content of H 2 O 2 and malondialdehyde and also increasing the activity of enzymatic antioxidants. Also, Zali and Ehsanzadeh 33 and 34 Showed that proline was capable of increasing the growth of fennel And Phaseolus vulgaris under water deficit conditions and nutrient deficiency.…”

Zinc Nanoparticles (ZnNPs): High-Fidelity Amelioration in Turnip (Brassica rapa L.) Production under Drought Stress

“…The plants under water stress showed an increase in antioxidant enzyme activity, as also reported by Sachdev et al [43]. It has been reported that the upregulation of antioxidants is helpful in drought tolerance in different plants, such as maize [44] and chickpea [45]. In this study, under water stress, the foliar application of ZnNPs and ZnSO 4 helped to maintain SOD, POD, and CAT activities.…”

Screening and Selection of Drought-Tolerant High-Yielding Chickpea Genotypes Based on Physio-Biochemical Selection Indices and Yield Trials

“…Owing to unpredicted changes in climate, pulses become more sensitive to oxidative damage by the overproduction of ROS such as H 2 O 2 , hydroxyl, and superoxide radicals. Specialized enzymatic antioxidants, i.e., POD, SOD, APX and CAT, are activated and act as the first line of defense for detoxification of the effects of ROS [ 51 ]. In the present study, increased activity of SOD, POD, CAT, and APX was investigated in all genotypes under drought-stressed conditions over the normal condition.…”

“…An integrated approach involving physio-biochemical traits and multi-environmental yield trials was performed for screening and selecting drought-tolerant chickpea genotypes and allowed us to conclude that higher RWC, CMS, glycine betaine, and proline content conferred a more significant capability for drought stress tolerance in chickpea [ 16 ]. In another investigation, the reduction in growth and yield of the tolerant cultivar was less compared to the susceptible cultivar DUSHT, probably due to the accumulation of higher antioxidant enzyme activities, suggesting the protective role of enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities of plants under water-stressed conditions [ 51 ].…”