The first record of Notocyphus tyrannicus Smith, (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) as parasitoid of Acanthoscurria Ausserer, 1871 (Teraphosidae: Teraphosinae)

First record of Epipompilus excelsus (Bradley, 1944) (Hymenoptera, Pompilidae) as a koinobiont ectoparasitoid of Ariadna mollis (Holmberg, 1876) (Araneae, Segestriidae)

“…This period is shorter than the developmental periods of wasps of other Pompilidae species. Paracyphononyx scapulatus, for example, develops in 54 days (Souza et al 2015), P. rufricus in 30 days (El-Hennawy 1996), and Notocyphus tyrannicus Smith in 46 days (Martins et al 2016).…”

First record of parasitism in Avicularia purpurea Kirk, 1990 (Araneae: Theraphosidae: Aviculariinae) by Notocyphus aff. tyrannicus Smith, 1855 (Hymenoptera: Notocyphinae) in the Ecuadorian Amazon

“…Several publications are known about cases of parasitism by pompilid wasps in spiders of the Theraphosidae family, especially in terrestrial species (Petrunkevitch 1926;Punzo 1994;Costa et al 2004) and very little information known or published in arboreal species (Rego et al 2004), so it is an interesting case of ecological relationships in arboreal species. Martins et al (2016) report a case of parasitism by Notocyphus tyrannicus on an indeterminate species of Acanthoscurria Ausserer, 1871 (Theraphosidae: Theraphosinae) and Williams (1928) recorded a female of N. tyrannicus hunting an arboreal theraphosid spider, probably of the genus Tapinauchenius Ausserer, 1871. In particular, due to Pompilidae wasp parasitism on tarantulas is known to cause paralysis in spiders, and wasps generally bury their victims in holes dug by themselves in the ground or by using the burrows of the tarantulas on which they parasitize (Costa et al 2004).…”

“…Different species of the Theraphosidae family have been shown to be susceptible to being parasitized mainly by nematodes (Pizzi 2009), Diptera (Machkour-M'Rabet et al 2015;Hénaut and Machkour-M'Rabet 2020) and Hymenoptera (Williams 1956;Fernández 2000;Costa et al 2004;Martins et al 2016). Within this group the family Pompilidae is characterized by presenting parasitic relationships with species of the family Theraphosidae.…”

“…Within the family there are general and specialized species that attack a wide range of spider species (Fernández & Sharkey 2006). Within this group is the subfamily Notocyphinae, a group that lacks reviews of its neotropical species (Fernández 2000), which also presents the behavior of parasitizing spiders (Simons 1989;Martins et al 2016). Notocyphinae is distinguished from other subfamilies of Pompilidae by the large and exposed labrum, sinuous or parallel inner margins of the eyes, and markedly laterally compressed sixth sternal metasomal (Fernández & Sharkey 2006).…”

Trichospilus diatraeae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae): development and reproduction in Lepidoptera palm oil pests

“…Parasitic Hymenoptera can control insect pests, but the biology of these natural enemies in natural or alternative hosts must be understood (Boyd Júnior and Held, 2016). This is necessary because the host type can affect the oviposition rate, longevity, sex ratio, body size and fecundity (Silva-Torres et al, 2009) besides life history of natural enemies (Martins et al, 2016;Valente et al, 2016).…”