Higher education privatization in Nursing in Brazil: profile, challenges and trends

Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem

Silva

et al. 2022

Objective: to analyze higher education in the health area in Brazil according to the results of the students’ performance in the 2019 National Student Performance Examination. Method: a cross-sectional and retrospective study with a quantitative approach and online data referring to 192,715 students from 3,712 health courses, collected in 2020. The students’ performance was expressed in concepts, ordered on a scale of one to five. Box-plots were prepared, prevalence values of the concepts were estimated, and the differences were evaluated through statistical tests (α=5%) according to the administrative and management characteristics, as well as those of the cities where the courses were offered. Results: there was a satisfactory level of higher education in health (70.0% with a score ≥3). The Medicine courses were the most satisfactorily evaluated while Speech Therapy and Nursing obtained the worst scores. Public, face-to-face and university education were associated with better teaching quality. Lower levels were found in the North region states, in small towns, outside metropolitan areas and in those under private management. Conclusion: heterogeneity in the quality of higher education across the health courses was verified, indicating its association with the characteristics of the teaching institutions and with the infrastructure of the cities where the courses are offered, pointing out challenges to the quality of health education in Brazil.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The National Student Performance Examination and the quality of Brazilian higher education in health

Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem

Silva

et al. 2022

“…La mercantilización de la educación superior brasileña con la adopción de estrategias de mercado guiadas por la financiarización, la oligopolización y la internacionalización (29) , también influyó en la expansión de la educación a distancia en el país. Por lo tanto, es necesario considerar los efectos de esta modalidad sobre la calidad de la formación de los profesionales de la salud.…”

Section: 0% De Las Carreras)unclassified

Examen Nacional de Rendimiento Estudiantil y calidad de la educación superior brasileña en salud

Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem

Silva

et al. 2022

Resumen Objetivo: analizar la educación superior en el área de la salud en Brasil en función de los resultados del desempeño de los estudiantes en el Examen Nacional de Rendimiento de los Estudiantes de 2019. Método: estudio transversal, retrospectivo con enfoque cuantitativo con datos online referentes a 192.715 estudiantes de 3.712 carreras de salud, recolectados en 2020. El desempeño de los estudiantes se expresó en conceptos, ordenados en una escala de uno a cinco. Se elaboraron box-plots y se estimaron y las prevalencias de los conceptos y se evaluaron las diferencias según las características administrativas, de gestión y de las ciudades sede de las carreras a través de pruebas estadísticas (α=5%). Resultados: se observó un nivel satisfactorio de educación superior en salud (70,0% con concepto ≥3). Las carreas de Medicina obtuvieron las mejores calificaciones, las de Fonoaudiología y Enfermería las peores. Se asoció la educación pública, presencial y universitaria con una educación de mayor calidad. Los niveles más bajos se encontraron en los estados de la región Norte, en los pueblos pequeños y fuera de las áreas metropolitanas, y en las carreras de gestión privada. Conclusión: se verificó que había heterogeneidad en la calidad de la educación superior en las carreras de salud, lo que indica que hay una asociación entre las características de las instituciones educativas y la infraestructura de las ciudades donde se dictan las carreras, y señala que la calidad de la educación en salud en Brasil enfrenta desafíos.

“…The supply and distribution of higher education in the health sector is a topic of global debate, as they are associated with socioeconomic development, the quality of health systems and human resource supply to the health labor market (1)(2) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This phenomenon has been driven by a combination of factors. These include political interventions and government programs on the reformulation and public financing of higher education, and greater flexibility and relaxation of regulation for opening and increasing the number of courses and vacancies as well as the rules defining the modalities of education (2) . With this, there was a progressive privatization of higher education as well as for health courses in the country (1)(2)(3) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For nursing, this process occurred even more intensely, with private initiative being the protagonist of this expansion (2)(3) . In 2019, nursing higher education represented the largest offer of courses and vacancies among all health undergraduate students in Brazil (4) , with an immense majority in private Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) (87.8%) (2) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Privatization and geographic inequalities in the distribution and expansion of higher nursing education in Brazil

2022

Rev. Bras. Enferm.

Objectives: to analyze the influence of privatization and geographic inequalities in the distribution and expansion of higher education in nursing in Brazil. Methods: a cross-sectional study, with online data of 1,244 courses and 190,610 nursing vacancies, started between 1890 and 2019. Proportions were estimated and differences were verified with statistical tests (α=5%), vacancy rate per 10,000 inhabitants and private ratio/public. Results: there was an accelerated, disorderly and heterogeneous growth in the number of courses and vacancies for nursing over 129 years, with strong private influence, favoring their concentration in large urban centers, capitals and richer states. Conclusions: the significant expansion of higher education in nursing in Brazil occurred with excessive private supply and unequal distribution between its locations, indicating the need for state regulation in the opening of new courses and vacancies, which can minimize the negative repercussions on the quality of education, health care and workforce imbalances.