Pituitary gland volumes in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder before and after cognitive-behavioral therapy

Atmaca, Murad; Yıldırım, Hanefi; Yılmaz, Seda Güleç; Caglar, Neslihan; Baykara, Sema; Kekilli, Yasemin; Koseoglu, Filiz; Türkçapar, Hakan

doi:10.1590/1516-4446-2017-2449

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(23 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Recently, Atmaca et al (46), compared 12 OCD patients with12 HC using MRI, and found reduced pre-treatment pituitary gland volumes in the OCD group. No change in pituitary gland volume was detected after16-week CBT, suggesting that the clinical efficacy of CBT does not impact on this neural structure in OCD.…”

Section: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobiological outcomes of cognitive behavioral therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder: A systematic review

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by recurrent distressing thoughts and repetitive behaviors, or mental rituals performed to reduce anxiety. Recent neurobiological techniques have been particularly convincing in suggesting that cortico-striatal-thalamic-cortico (CSTC) circuits, including orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and striatum regions (caudate nucleus and putamen), are responsible for mediation of OCD symptoms. However, it is still unclear how these regions are affected by OCD treatments in adult patients. To address this yet open question, we conducted a systematic review of all studies examining neurobiological changes before and after first-line psychological OCD treatment, i.e., cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT).MethodsStudies were included if they were conducted in adults with OCD and they assessed the neurobiological effects of CBT before and after treatment. Two databases were searched: PsycINFO and PubMed for the time frame up to May 2022.ResultsWe obtained 26 pre-post CBT treatment studies performed using different neurobiological techniques, namely functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), Positron emission tomography (PET), regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), 5-HT concentration, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), Electroencephalography (EEG). Neurobiological data show the following after CBT intervention: (i) reduced activations in OFC across fMRI, EEG, and rCBF; (ii) decreased activity in striatum regions across fMRI, rCBF, PET, and MRI; (iii) increased activations in cerebellum (CER) across fMRI and MRI; (iv) enhanced neurochemical concentrations in MRS studies in OFC, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and striatum regions. Most of these neurobiological changes are also accompanied by an improvement in symptom severity as assessed by a reduction in the Y-BOCS scores.ConclusionCognitive-behavioral therapy seems to be able to restructure, modify, and transform the neurobiological component of OCD, in addition to the clinical symptoms. Nevertheless, further studies are necessary to frame the OCD spectrum in a dimensional way.

show abstract

Section: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobiological outcomes of cognitive behavioral therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder: A systematic review

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Brain function in OCD has been investigated using functional magnetic resonance imaging, structural brain morphology, positron emission tomography and EEG methods (Linden, 2006; O’Neill et al, 2013; Dohrmann et al, 2017; Moody et al, 2017; Atmaca et al, 2018). In particular, hyperactivity of the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) circuit has been proposed as the neurobiological basis of OCD (Saxena et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobiological Mechanisms of Metacognitive Therapy – An Experimental Paradigm

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction The neurobiological mechanisms underlying the clinical effects of psychotherapy are scarcely understood. In particular, the modifying effects of psychotherapy on neuronal activity are largely unknown. We here present data from an innovative experimental paradigm using the example of a patient with treatment resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder (trOCD) who underwent implantation of bilateral electrodes for deep brain stimulation (DBS). The aim of the paradigm was to examine the short term effect of metacognitive therapy (MCT) on neuronal local field potentials (LFP) before and after 5 MCT sessions. Methods DBS electrodes were implanted bilaterally with stereotactic guidance in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis/ internal capsule (BNST/IC). The period between implantation of the electrodes and the pacemaker was used for the experimental paradigm. DBS electrodes were externalized via extension cables, yielding the opportunity to record LFP directly from the BNST/IC. The experimental paradigm was designed as follows: (a) baseline recording of LFP from the BNST/IC, (b) application of 5 MCT sessions over 3 days, (c) post-MCT recording from the BNST/IC. The Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder- scale (OCD-S) was used to evaluate OCD symptoms. Results OCD symptoms decreased after MCT. These reductions were accompanied by a decrease of the relative power of theta band activity, while alpha, beta, and gamma band activity was significantly increased after MCT. Further, analysis of BNST/IC LFP and frontal cortex EEG coherence showed that MCT decreased theta frequency band synchronization. Discussion Implantation of DBS electrodes for treating psychiatric disorders offers the opportunity to gather data from neuronal circuits, and to compare effects of therapeutic interventions. Here, we demonstrate direct effects of MCT on neuronal oscillatory behavior, which may give possible cues for the neurobiological changes associated with psychotherapy.

show abstract

MRI atlas of the pituitary gland in young female adults

Zennadi,

Ptito,

Redouté

et al. 2024

Brain Struct Funct

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pituitary gland volumes in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder before and after cognitive-behavioral therapy

Abstract: Our results indicate an absence of post-CBT volumetric changes in the pituitary gland of OCD patients.

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

Neurobiological outcomes of cognitive behavioral therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder: A systematic review

Neurobiological outcomes of cognitive behavioral therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder: A systematic review

Neurobiological Mechanisms of Metacognitive Therapy – An Experimental Paradigm

MRI atlas of the pituitary gland in young female adults

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About