Increased expression of ID2, PRELP and SMOC2 genes in patients with endometriosis

Abstract

Endometriosis is a benign, estrogen-dependent disease with symptoms such as pelvic pain and infertility, and it is characterized by the ectopic distribution of endometrial tissue. The expression of the ID2, PRELP and SMOC2 genes was compared between the endometrium of women without endometriosis in the proliferative phase of their menstrual cycle and the eutopic and ectopic endometrium of women with endometriosis in the proliferative phase. Paired tissue samples from 20 women were analyzed: 10 from endometrial and peritoneal endometriotic lesions and 10 from endometrial and ovarian endometriotic lesions. As controls, 16 endometrium samples were collected from women without endometriosis in the proliferative phase of menstrual cycle. Analysis was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). There was no significant difference between gene expression in the endometrium of women with and without endometriosis. The ID2 gene expression was increased in the most advanced stage of endometriosis and in ovarian endometriomas, the PRELP was more expressed in peritoneal lesions, and the SMOC2 was highly expressed in both peritoneal and endometrioma lesions. Considering that the genes studied participate either directly or indirectly in cellular processes that can lead to cell migration, angiogenesis, and inappropriate invasion, it is possible that the deregulation of these genes caused the development and maintenance of ectopic tissue.

Defining the genetic profile of endometriosis (Review)

“…Importantly, increased levels of AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT1), thymidine phosphorylase (TYMP), Jagged 1 (JAG1), LAMA5 and TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 (TIMP1) were found in the eutopic endometrium of patients with endometriosis compared to healthy controls (137). Furthermore, the increased expression of genes responsible for cellular migration and angiogenesis, namely inhibitor of dna binding 2 ( ID2 ), proline and arginine rich end leucine rich repeat protein ( PRELP ) and sparc related modular calcium binding 2 ( SMOC2 ) in women with endometriosis, suggests that this altered expression is linked to the development of the ectopic endometrium (138). Nitric oxide (NO) is known to partake in a number of physiological procedures; the endothelial subtype of this enzyme, endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), instigates VEGF-induced vascular permeability and angiogenesis, hence playing a key role in endometriosis by promoting angiogenesis (139).…”

Comprehensive characterization of endometrial competing endogenous RNA network in infertile women of childbearing age

“…Of the 687 DEmRNAs, the top 10 mRNAs, including LMO3, DES, ADH1B, PDLIM3, ADH7, RRM2, PRELP, TPD52, MYH11, and MYH1, were shown in Figure 2. Interestingly, PRELP has been demonstrated to be upregulated in patients with endometriosis [32]. Meanwhile, most of the top 10 DEmiRNAs have also been validated in endometriosis [33].…”