Febre em crianças: procura de pais por serviços médicos de emergência

Abstract

Resumo O estudo analisa a compreensão de pais ou responsáveis por crianças de zero a cinco anos acerca da febre, da condução e do atendimento desse quadro, realizado no serviço de urgência e emergência. A pesquisa qualitativa, por meio da técnica de análise temática, foi feita a partir de entrevistas com 14 pais ou responsáveis que procuraram um serviço pediátrico de urgência e emergência em um município do interior de São Paulo por esse motivo. Os dados coletados foram analisados por meio da técnica de análise temática. As experiencias dos pais que procuram esses serviços relacionam-se a três temas principais: temor da febre; os cuidados com criança febril; e a experiência de atendimento no serviço de urgência e emergência. Identificou-se que o medo exagerado da febre prevalece e que os pais/responsáveis se sentem seguros frente à tecnologia existente nos serviços de urgência e emergência. Os cuidados adotados, todavia, nem sempre são os recomendados para a situação apresentada.

Analysis of the perceptions, knowledge and attitudes of parents towards fever in children: A systematic review with a qualitative meta‐synthesis

“…In terms of country of origin, two were from the United Kingdom (Kai, 1996; Morris et al, 2021), one was from Norway (Lagerløv et al, 2003), two were from Australia (De et al, 2014; Walsh et al, 2007), one was from Germany (Langer et al, 2013), two were from Iran (Ravanipour et al, 2014; Tafti et al, 2017), three were from the Netherlands (De Bont et al, 2015; Kuijpers et al, 2021; Van De Maat et al, 2018), one was from Sweden (Westin & Sund Levander, 2018), one was from Latvia (Urbane et al, 2019), one was from Canada (Thompson, Le, et al, 2020), one was from Brazil (Pitoli et al, 2021), one was from Ireland (Kelly, Sahm, et al, 2016) and one was from Denmark (Sahm et al, 2016).…”

“…The predominant context in which participants were recruited for the various studies was the hospital environment: public and private hospital waiting rooms, as well as hospital emergency rooms and paediatric hospital wards (De Bont et al, 2015; De et al, 2014; Kelly, Sahm, et al, 2016; Kuijpers et al, 2021; Langer et al, 2013; Pitoli et al, 2021; Ravanipour et al, 2014; Tafti et al, 2017; Thompson, Le, et al, 2020; Urbane et al, 2019; Van De Maat et al, 2018; Westin & Sund Levander, 2018). In addition, participants enlisted in primary care (Lagerløv et al, 2003), daycare centres (Van De Maat et al, 2018; Walsh et al, 2007), coffee shops and public parks (Sahm et al, 2016), and a disadvantaged area of the city (Kai, 1996) were included.…”

“…As a result, parents commonly face multiple febrile episodes while parenting (Kelly, McCarthy, et al, 2016; Kuijpers et al, 2021; Lagerløv et al, 2003; Tafti et al, 2017; Thompson et al, 2020). This implies that it is one of the most frequent reasons for seeking medicare, either through primary or emergency hospital care (De Bont et al, 2015; Kelly, Sahm, et al, 2016; Lagerløv et al, 2003; Langer et al, 2013; Morris et al, 2021; Pitoli et al, 2021; Ravanipour et al, 2014; Tafti et al, 2017; Thompson, Nesari, et al, 2020; Urbane et al, 2019; Van De Maat et al, 2018; Villarejo‐Rodríguez & Rodríguez‐Martín, 2019).…”

“…The presence of this sign in itself is not an indicator of severity; higher temperatures are not proportional to more severe disease. Other factors, such as deterioration of a child's general condition or age, should be considered when evaluating a feverish child (Pitoli et al, 2021).…”

“…Despite its prevalence and decades of education and research, the treatment of fever and febrile illnesses continues to cause concern and anxiety in parents; their knowledge of fever may be incorrect, their perceptions of fever may be historically ingrained, and they may consider fever as a disease in and of itself (Kelly, McCarthy, et al, 2016; Lagerløv et al, 2003; Langer et al, 2013). It has been observed that there is a disparity between parents' intensive use of health services and the generally harmless nature of childhood fever (Morris et al, 2021; Pitoli et al, 2021; Thompson et al, 2020; Thompson, Nesari, et al, 2020; Walsh et al, 2007). From a professional standpoint, this use of health services is often deemed unnecessary (Sahm et al, 2016).…”