Preservação da privacidade no enfrentamento da COVID-19: dados pessoais e a pandemia global

Almeida, Bethânia de Araújo; Doneda, Danilo; Ichihara, Maria Yury; Barral‐Netto, Manoel; Matta, Gustavo Corrêa; Rabello, Elaine Teixeira; Gouveia, Fábio Castro; Barreto, Maurício Lima

doi:10.1590/1413-81232020256.1.11792020

Cited by 32 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…However, recent research suggests that, despite the anonymisation of personal data, people could still be identified by a limited set of data points ( OECD, 2020b . Ensuring data privacy as we battle COVID-19) ( Almeida, et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussion and Author Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solutions to Big Data Privacy and Security Challenges Associated With COVID-19 Surveillance Systems

2021

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The growing dependency on digital technologies is becoming a way of life, and at the same time, the collection of data using them for surveillance operations has raised concerns. Notably, some countries use digital surveillance technologies for tracking and monitoring individuals and populations to prevent the transmission of the new coronavirus. The technology has the capacity to contribute towards tackling the pandemic effectively, but the success also comes at the expense of privacy rights. The crucial point to make is regardless of who uses and which mechanism, in one way another will infringe personal privacy. Therefore, when considering the use of technologies to combat the pandemic, the focus should also be on the impact of facial recognition cameras, police surveillance drones, and other digital surveillance devices on the privacy rights of those under surveillance. The GDPR was established to ensure that information could be shared without causing any infringement on personal data and businesses; therefore, in generating Big Data, it is important to ensure that the information is securely collected, processed, transmitted, stored, and accessed in accordance with established rules. This paper focuses on Big Data challenges associated with surveillance methods used within the COVID-19 parameters. The aim of this research is to propose practical solutions to Big Data challenges associated with COVID-19 pandemic surveillance approaches. To that end, the researcher will identify the surveillance measures being used by countries in different regions, the sensitivity of generated data, and the issues associated with the collection of large volumes of data and finally propose feasible solutions to protect the privacy rights of the people, during the post-COVID-19 era.

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Section: Discussion and Author Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solutions to Big Data Privacy and Security Challenges Associated With COVID-19 Surveillance Systems

2021

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“…The three most frequently adopted types of functions in the group of reviewed contact tracing apps were (1) information about geographical coverage, (2) contact alerting, and (3) governmental responsibility. The two least frequently adopted functions were (1) medical and organizational support and (2) efficiency threshold (Multimedia Appendix 6 [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56]). Out of the 21 apps, 19 (90%) received support from governments, but only 1 (5%) provided the additional threshold required to establish an app's efficiency.…”

Section: Assessment Of the Apps' Fulfillment Of Public Health Interestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

State of the Art in Adoption of Contact Tracing Apps and Recommendations Regarding Privacy Protection and Public Health: Systematic Review

Kolasa¹,

Mazzi²,

Leszczuk-Czubkowska³

et al. 2021

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth

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Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, contact tracing apps have received a lot of public attention. The ongoing debate highlights the challenges of the adoption of data-driven innovation. We reflect on how to ensure an appropriate level of protection of individual data and how to maximize public health benefits that can be derived from the collected data. Objective The aim of the study was to analyze available COVID-19 contact tracing apps and verify to what extent public health interests and data privacy standards can be fulfilled simultaneously in the process of the adoption of digital health technologies. Methods A systematic review of PubMed and MEDLINE databases, as well as grey literature, was performed to identify available contact tracing apps. Two checklists were developed to evaluate (1) the apps’ compliance with data privacy standards and (2) their fulfillment of public health interests. Based on both checklists, a scorecard with a selected set of minimum requirements was created with the goal of estimating whether the balance between the objective of data privacy and public health interests can be achieved in order to ensure the broad adoption of digital technologies. Results Overall, 21 contact tracing apps were reviewed. In total, 11 criteria were defined to assess the usefulness of each digital technology for public health interests. The most frequently installed features related to contact alerting and governmental accountability. The least frequently installed feature was the availability of a system of medical or organizational support. Only 1 app out of 21 (5%) provided a threshold for the population coverage needed for the digital solution to be effective. In total, 12 criteria were used to assess the compliance of contact tracing apps with data privacy regulations. Explicit user consent, voluntary use, and anonymization techniques were among the most frequently fulfilled criteria. The least often implemented criteria were provisions of information about personal data breaches and data gathered from children. The balance between standards of data protection and public health benefits was achieved best by the COVIDSafe app and worst by the Alipay Health Code app. Conclusions Contact tracing apps with high levels of compliance with standards of data privacy tend to fulfill public health interests to a limited extent. Simultaneously, digital technologies with a lower level of data privacy protection allow for the collection of more data. Overall, this review shows that a consistent number of apps appear to comply with standards of data privacy, while their usefulness from a public health perspective can still be maximized.

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“…O anúncio dessas medidas inaugurou o debate brasileiro sobre os limites e legitimidade do uso de tecnologias para combate à COVID-19. Enquanto alguns especialistas e associações da sociedade civil reforçaram os riscos de vigilantismo (Almeida et al, 2020), outras adotaram posições mais temperadas, sem deixar de considerar o respeito a direitos fundamentais. Nesse sentido, a adoção dessas tecnologias seria legítima, inclusive dentro dos termos da própria LGPD, que já teria consagrado os limites devidos para essa utilização de dados (Doneda, 2020;Bioni, Zanatta, Monteiro e Rielli, 2020).…”

Section: Técnicas Utilizadas No Brasilunclassified

Dados e o Vírus

Zanatta

Bioni²,

Keller³

et al. 2020

DFJ

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O presente artigo apresenta os principais achados do projeto de pesquisa “Os Dados e o Vírus” (que acompanhou e documentou a utilização de tecnologias da informação e de comunicação - TICs para o combate à pandemia da Covid-19). Considerando que esses usos fomentaram o debate sobre a legitimidade dessas tecnologias, o artigo também oferece uma análise, voltada para o caso brasileiro, sobre como o quadro institucional da proteção de dados no país foi afetado pela pauta. São descritas as principais tecnologias baseadas em coleta e tratamento de dados utilizadas em nível global e os principais exemplos de adoção no Brasil. Foram abordadas também as tensões judiciais provocadas por esse usos e pelas tentativas de compartilhamento de dados pessoais no contexto da Covid-19 (Ação Popular nº 1019257-34.2020.8.26.0053 e da ADI 6387). Em seguida, foram analisados os impactos desses debates e ações judiciais sobre a matéria de proteção de dados no país. Dentre as conclusões, destaca-se o fortalecimento desse quadro institucional, contrariando as preocupações iniciais de que o avanço das tecnologias em questão o enfraquecesse.

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Preservação da privacidade no enfrentamento da COVID-19: dados pessoais e a pandemia global

Cited by 32 publications

References 6 publications

Solutions to Big Data Privacy and Security Challenges Associated With COVID-19 Surveillance Systems

Solutions to Big Data Privacy and Security Challenges Associated With COVID-19 Surveillance Systems

State of the Art in Adoption of Contact Tracing Apps and Recommendations Regarding Privacy Protection and Public Health: Systematic Review

Dados e o Vírus

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