Forced international migration for refugee food: a scoping review

Abstract

Recent crisis and conflicts in African countries, the Middle East and the Americas have led to forced population migration and rekindled concern about food security. This article aims to map in the scientific literature the implications of forced migration on food and nutrition of refugees. Scoping Review, and database search: databases: PubMed Central, LILACS, SciElo, Science Direct and MEDLINE. Languages used in the survey were: English, Portuguese and Spanish, with publication year from 2013 to 2018. 173 articles were obtained and after removing of duplicates and full reading, 26 articles were selected and submitted to critical reading by two reviewers, resulting in 18 articles selected. From the analysis of the resulting articles, the following categories emerged: Food Inequity; Cultural Adaptation and Nutrition; Emerging Diseases and Strategies for the Promotion of Nutritional Health. Food insecurity is a marked consequence of forced international migration, and constitutes an emerging global public health problem, since concomitant with increasing population displacements also widens the range of chronic and nutritional diseases.

Body mass index and associated factors among refugees living in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany: a cross-sectional study

“…The primary goal of our study is to assess valid information regarding overweight and obesity, represented by BMI using measured anthropometric data, among refugees living in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, and how BMI changed throughout the migratory journey to Germany. We hypothesized that refugees will lose weight during travel and transit because of their inability to access food and the other struggles they go through during their travel [25]; however, since most refugees in Germany come from the Mediterranean region [26], which is home to one of the healthiest diets [27], their weight will increase after the adaptation of the Westernized lifestyle during settlement, resulting in a higher BMI with time. Our study secondarily examines factors influencing BMI since arrival in Germany, and the results are based on data from the "FlueGe Health Study (FHS)".…”

Crianças e adolescentes refugiadas desacompanhadas e separadas e o direito a proteção dos Direitos Humanos

“…Em 1798, Thomas Malthus via a questão da alimentação como um problema, diante do crescimento populacional em relação com à capacidade produtiva. Entretanto, a produção agrícola global desempenhou uma produtividade eficaz para alimentar toda a população, mas, ainda assim, existem fatores relacionados à fome e segurança alimentar das populações (GUERRA et al, 2019).…”

“…Ao analisar os refugiados do Canadá, Austrália e Estados Unidos, encontra-se desnutrição e deficiências nutricionais nas diversas faixas etárias, nas quais as principais deficiências destacam-se a vitamina D e vitamina B12. As formas de desnutrição, indicadas pelo estudo, são: sobrepeso, obesidade, dislipidemia, atraso no crescimento e baixo peso (GUERRA et al, 2019).…”

“…Neste estudo, demonstra-se alta prevalência de anemia e deficiência de ferro em gestantes que residem Campo Maele, podendo esta deficiência estar associada à infecção por helmintos ou deficiência, relacionadas a outros micronutrientes, nas quais as condições de higiene são precárias e famílias compartilham o mesmo sanitário (GUERRA et al, 2019).…”

“…Todo ser humano possui o direito a ter uma alimentação de qualidade, conforme sua perspectiva de saúde, respeito à cultura, à sustentabilidade econômica, ambiental e social. A alimentação e a nutrição são questões globais e de extrema relevância para a saúde pública (GUERRA et al, 2019).…”