A reforma psiquiátrica no SUS e a luta por uma sociedade sem manicômios

Abstract

T This article presents a historical and epistemological study of the construction of public policies about mental health and psychosocial care in Brazil´s Unified Health System, the SUS. To that end, it proposes an approach that identifies actions and strategies related to social participation in the construction of policies, one of the founding principles of SUS, seeking to delineate its importance in the specific trajectory of the psychiatric reform process. Subsequently, it highlights the originality and importance of actions that used culture as a means and as an end, in the sense of not restricting psychiatric reform to a transformation limited to public services or health in the strict sense of the term, emphasizing the principle of construction of a new locus in society for madness. Finally, it provides a historical follow-up of the promulgation of mental health policies in Brazil, identifying the most important initiatives and their impacts on the transformation of the care model, and concludes by questioning the conservative restructuring that is currently taking place.

Sofrimento moral de profissionais de enfermagem em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial

“…Besides the underfunding of psychosocial care services is the publication of resolutions 15 , such as 32/2017, which propose guidelines for RAPS, but guidelines that clash with the Psychiatric Reform and Law 10.216/2001 by reinforcing the maintenance and expansion of psychiatric beds 16 . These readjustments maintain the hospital-centered model guided by medicalization, sensitive only to the lenses of those who work daily in a mental health service that does not receive the necessary funds for activities in pursuit of the autonomy of people with mental disorders 14 .…”

Reforma e contrarreforma psiquiátrica: análise de uma crise sociopolítica e sanitária a nível nacional e regional

“…The number of Residential Therapeutic Services grew by 200% over three years, rising from 289 licensed units 18 in 2014 to 578 in 2017 23 . Added to this are new therapeutic practices, psychosocial technology, social participation strategies, rehabilitation and social inclusion, all of which have had concrete impacts on the lives of a significant number of people who experience psychic suffering, as attested by a substantial number of studies [24][25][26][27] .…”

Aspectos da gestação e puerpério de mulheres com transtornos mentais

“…It is the performance of trained professionals who can welcome and assist this pregnant woman, which is of fundamental importance for the definition of care lines, and many international studies address the neonatal outcomes, the appropriate management and the various specificities of this population. 2, It is revealed that, currently, this population remains in the Unified Health System in two lines of attention: obstetric and mental health, however, even after reformulation of obstetric care from the implementation of the Stork Network and restructuring of health mental and, after years of struggle for the Psychiatric Reform and social insertion of patients with mental disorders, [39][40][41][42][43] it is observed that there is no point of discursive intersection that problematizes and sustains the humanized and specialized care for those with major mental disorders during their gestational and puerperal period.…”