A (des)nutrição e o novo padrão epidemiológico em um contexto de desenvolvimento e desigualdades

Fernandes

RGO, Rev. Gaúch. Odontol.

et al. 2019

Objective: To examine the relationship between nutritional status and dental caries of schoolchildren from Sobral, Ceará, Braszil. Methods: Dental health and nutritional status of 92 children studying in two different schools and aging 5 years old were evaluated. The nutritional status was evaluated using the Body Mass Index (BMI), and the dental health status was evaluated using the Decayed, Missing, and Filling Tooth Index (DMFT-index). An interview with the parents of the children was also performed to investigate the socioeconomic profile and nutritional habits of the children. Results: A DMFT-index of 1.97 was found, and 39.6% of the childrenpresented overweight. Higher prevalence of dental caries was associated with low income, public schools, and less schooled parents. The variable overweight presented the inverse situation found for dental caries. Moreover, it was observed lower prevalence of caries in overweight children. Conclusion: Dental caries and nutritional status exhibited different behaviors in the population studied, which were driven by the sociodemographic profile of the family.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional status and dental caries of schoolchildren from Sobral - Ceará

Fernandes

RGO, Rev. Gaúch. Odontol.

et al. 2019

“…Segundo Rissi et al (2019) as regiões Norte e Nordeste apresentaram as maiores taxas de mortalidade em menores de cinco anos decorrentes da desnutrição quando comparadas às demais regiões do país. Embora tenha havido importantes avanços com a redução de déficits nutricionais no panorama nacional, ainda há presença de intensas desigualdades no Brasil e no mundo que se manifestam de forma injusta em grupos vulneráveis (SOUZA et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Chemical Composition and Microbiological Aspects of Enriched Breads With Integral Pulp of Dehydrated Pupunha

2020

O fruto da pupunheira é utilizado como alimento em várias receitas culinárias pela população da região Amazônica. A casca e a polpa do fruto apresentam alto valor nutricional, em função das concentrações de minerais, fibra alimentar e quantidade significativas de carotenóides biodisponíveis. Em função disso, este trabalho teve por objetivo melhorar a composição centesimal do pão comum que é fonte predominante de carboidratos através da adição da polpa de pupunha desidratada integral, por conter carotenóides e óleos essenciais, bem como, a fibra alimentar. As formulações dos pães foram definidas através de ensaios preliminares, sendo escolhidas as formulações contendo 100 e 150 g de polpa de pupunha desidratada integral. As amostras foram submetidas às analises microbiológicas de coliformes termotolerantes a 45°C, Staphylococus aureus e Salmonella spp e de composição centesimal de proteína, cinzas, lipídios, umidade, fibras, carboidrato, valor calórico total, além dos carotenóides totais. Os resultados indicam composição química superior em cinzas (4,51 e 4,73 g/100g), lipídios (0,94 e 1,07 g/100g) e fibra alimentar (0,53 e 0,95 g/100g) para os pães com 100 e 150 g de polpa de pupunha desidratada integral, respectivamente, quando comparados ao pão controle. Porém, apresentaram menores concentrações de carboidratos e valor calórico, além de boas quantidades de fibra alimentar e carotenóides totais, quando comparado ao pão comum, o que credencia o mesmo a ser utilizado como alimento funcional e saudável, e assim, propiciar benefícios à saúde do consumidor.

“…In the last decades, the Brazilian context of intense political, economic and social transformation has greatly contributed to changes in the nutritional and epidemiological profile of the population ( 6 ) . The process of nutrition transition began more than 50 years ago and is still in progress.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Infant feeding practices and determinant variables for early complementary feeding in the first 8 months of life: results from the Brazilian MAL-ED cohort site

Maciel

Moraes

Soares

et al. 2018

Public Health Nutr.

ObjectiveThe present study aimed to describe breast-feeding, complementary feeding and determining factors for early complementary feeding from birth to 8 months of age in a typical Brazilian low-income urban community.DesignA birth cohort was conducted (n 233), with data collection twice weekly, allowing close observation of breast-feeding, complementary feeding introduction and description of the WHO core indicators on infant and young child feeding. Infant feeding practices were related to socio-economic status (SES), assessed by Water/sanitation, wealth measured by a set of eight Assets, Maternal education and monthly household Income (WAMI index). Two logistic regression models were constructed to evaluate risk factors associated with early complementary feeding.ResultsBased on twice weekly follow-up, 65 % of the children received exclusive breast-feeding in the first month of life and 5 % in the sixth month. Complementary feeding was offered in the first month: 29 % of the children received water, 15 % infant formulas, 13 % other milks and 9·4 % grain-derived foods. At 6 months, dietary diversity and minimum acceptable diet were both 47 % and these increased to 69 % at 8 months. No breast-feeding within the first hour of birth was a risk factor for the early introduction of water (adjusted OR=4·68; 95 % CI 1·33, 16·47) and low WAMI index a risk factor for the early introduction of other milks (adjusted OR=0·00; 95 % CI 0·00, 0·02).ConclusionsData suggest local policies should promote: (i) early breast-feeding initiation; (ii) SES, considering maternal education, income and household conditions; (iii) timely introduction of complementary feeding; and (iv) dietary diversity.