Fatores associados à iniciação sexual em mães de 14 a 16 anos em Porto Alegre/RS, Brasil

Abstract

This study analyzed the factors associated with first sexual intercourse among 427 mothers with 14-16 years of age from Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil. Data on adolescent socio-demographic status (skin color, religion and schooling gap) and reproductive aspects (age at menarche, age at first sexual intercourse, partnership in first sexual intercourse and partner's age) were collected through household survey. Data analysis was performed using bivariate and multivariate analysis through Poisson regression with robust variance. Among adolescents with early first sexual intercourse (up to 14 years), 77.4% had menarche at up to 12 years of age and 16.4% had casual partners in the first sexual intercourse. These variables were associated with the outcome and showed that early menarche (OR=1.26; CI 95%:1.04-1.52) and casual partner at first sexual intercourse (OR=1.28; CI 95%:1.09-1.49) increase by respectively 26% and 28% the prevalence of early first sexual intercourse. This study highlights the need to strengthen health programs and policies already implemented, such as the School Health Program, as well as reinforces that parents and teachers need to be oriented in an integrated manner in order to facilitate dialogue with adolescents and provide adequate counseling.

Fatores Associados À Proposição Do Diagnóstico De Enfermagem: Atraso No Crescimento Em Adolescentes

“…Quanto à variável estado civil em associação com essa característica, percebeu-se que adolescentes que iniciam a vida sexual mais cedo passam por modificações corporais também mais precocemente (20) . Essa característica associou-se também com idade e anos de estudo.…”

Tendência temporal e fatores associados à gravidez na adolescência

“…In Brazil, some strategies have been developed with the objective of preventing teenage pregnancy, such as: talks in primary health units, programs in schools, conversation circles, operative groups and domiciliary visits, conducted with adolescents and their families, in addition to health professional training. Nonetheless, programs and health policies already implemented need to be strengthened, such as Health in School Program (Programa Saúde na Escola), with medical and nursing appointments, so as to facilitate dialogue between professionals and teenagers and their access to health actions (11)(12) . Broader programs, which promote healthy adolescence and safe sexuality, should reach not only teenagers, but also involve parents, teachers, religious leaders and other community members, so as to provide a safe environment with support for boys and girls at home, school and other places they frequent, aimed at reducing the condition of teenager vulnerability (12)(13)(14)(15)(16) .…”

“…Nonetheless, programs and health policies already implemented need to be strengthened, such as Health in School Program (Programa Saúde na Escola), with medical and nursing appointments, so as to facilitate dialogue between professionals and teenagers and their access to health actions (11)(12) . Broader programs, which promote healthy adolescence and safe sexuality, should reach not only teenagers, but also involve parents, teachers, religious leaders and other community members, so as to provide a safe environment with support for boys and girls at home, school and other places they frequent, aimed at reducing the condition of teenager vulnerability (12)(13)(14)(15)(16) . Policies involving teenage mothers also need to be implemented, such as income generation and educational incentives for mothers who dropped school early (11) .…”

Contradições acerca da violência sexual na percepção de adolescentes e sua desconexão da lei que tipifica o “estupro de vulnerável”

“…While acknowledging the lack of standardization of definitions on early sexual initiation and the fact that they depend on the sociocultural context, various authors state that the younger the age at sexual initiation, the higher the probability of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV/ AIDS 12,13,14 , unplanned adolescent pregnancy 15,16 , maternal mortality 17,18 , and cervical cancer 19 . Other consequences are psychosocial, such as alcohol and drug abuse and school delay and dropout, among others 17,20,21 .…”