Aquisição de Produtos da Agricultura Familiar em Municípios Paranaenses: análise dos produtos comercializados e dos preços praticados

Abstract

Resumo: Este estudo verificou a adequação do artigo 14 da lei nº 11.947/2009, os tipos de produtos comercializados e os preços pagos por hortifrútis pela alimentação escolar aos agricultores familiares no estado do Paraná. Foi realizada a coleta dos tipos de produtos e os respectivos preços no site do Fundo Nacional de Desenvolvimento da Educação. Para comparação de preços, foram utilizados os dados da Central de Abastecimento de Curitiba (PR). Como resultados, mais da metade dos municípios (51%) ainda não cumprem a lei, os outros 49% atingiram 30% ou mais. Os grupos de frutas e hortaliças demandaram maiores quantidades de recursos. A maioria dos preços pagos é maior que os praticados na Ceasa, podendo sugerir a prática de um valor que permita levar em conta gastos com logística e outros encargos. Porém, ainda existem vários produtos com preços inferiores, alguns deles comercializados com bastante frequência, sugerindo possíveis prejuízos ao agricultor com esses alimentos. Ressalta-se a importância deste mercado para o desenvolvimento rural e, para tanto, os preços pagos aos agricultores familiares devem ser atrativos e justos, sem prejudicar a racionalização do gasto público. Chegar neste equilíbrio é um desafio às Entidades Executoras, mas primordial para o sucesso desta política.Palavras-chaves: agricultura familiar, alimentação escolar, preços, segurança alimentar e nutricional, políticas públicas.Abstract: This study verified the adequacy of the article 14 of Law 11.947/2009, the types of products marketed and prices paid for vegetables for school feeding to family farmers in Paraná state. The types of products and respective prices were collected on the website of the National Fund for Education Development. In order to compare prices, we used data from the Food Supply Center of Curitiba (Paraná). As results, we obtained that more than half of municipalities (51%) still do not comply with the law, the other 49% reached 30% or more. Groups of fruits and vegetables demanded more resources. The prices paid are mostly higher than those practiced at Ceasa, and may suggest the practice of a value that allows taking into account expenses with logistics and other charges.

Purchases from family agriculture for school feeding in Brazilian capitals

“…A recurrent strategy is to use the concept of cost-effectiveness in bid-related legislation 7,22 to justify price definition for family agriculture and thus hinder the participation of these farmers in public calls. It should be noted that the legislation regulating public calls to family agriculture accounts for differentiated pricing criteria and allows the inclusion of the cost of packaging, charges, and logistics in the final price to be paid by the government 7,23 . Nevertheless, misuse of public policy can sometimes cause opportunistic behavior on the part of social agents, either by simulating the condition of a family farmer or, in the case of agrarian cooperatives and associations, appropriation of the farmer's profit 24 .…”

“…In this context, open competition may jeopardize family farms due to institutional relations, companies’ interests and public sectors 5 , 21 . A recurrent strategy is to use the concept of cost-effectiveness in bid-related legislation 7 , 22 to justify price definition for family agriculture and thus hinder the participation of these farmers in public calls. It should be noted that the legislation regulating public calls to family agriculture accounts for differentiated pricing criteria and allows the inclusion of the cost of packaging, charges, and logistics in the final price to be paid by the government 7 , 23 .…”

“…The connection of family agriculture with programs that affect access and food quality, such as the PNAE, especially in a context of systematic advancement of obesity, suggests a double potential of this policy design, that is, to improve the quality of school feeding and stimulate the production and local markets of family farming crops. This potential translates into the ability to focus on the perverse consequences of the current food system, characterized by an exclusionary productive model guided by the low diversity and increasing consumption of ultra-processed food items by the population, including schoolchildren exposed to an obesogenic environment [5][6][7][8] .…”

Family farming in times of Covid-19

“…As part of Brazil's public policies, a series of state strategies have been developed in recent decades aimed at protecting and strengthening family farming [1,32]. Among these strategies, the https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9865202033e200180 public purchases of food produced by family farming stand out [1,13,32,33]. Studies have shown the benefits of buying food from family farmers for both consumers and producers [13,[34][35][36] and enhance the importance of strengthening this productive sector.…”

Qual a Noção De Risco Que Nos Orienta: Uma Análise Reflexiva Acerca Da Alimentação, Sistemas Agroalimentares E Desenvolvimento Territorial Sustentável

“…Num mundo idílico, deveriam, meio ambiente, sustentabilidade e alimentação, andar de mãos dadas. Porém no mundo real, não há tríade mais díspar do que a citada acima (SCHABARUM, 2019). Os sistemas agroalimentares, conceitos de sustentabilidade e a alimentação humana têm eixos norteadores e objetivos distintos.…”