Polymeric nanoemulsions enriched with Eucalyptus citriodora essential oil

Abstract

Eucalyptus citriodora oil has a well-known antimicrobial activity, however, its volatility limits its therapeutic applicability. Oil-in-water chitosan-based nanoemulsions have been prepared using a high-energy method in variable conditions in order to produce a stable formulation with an effective antimicrobial action. Physical-chemical characterizations and antimicrobial activity were performed. Results showed that the nanoemulsions with stability over 60 days and encapsulation efficiency higher than 90% were the ones with higher surfactant content. An optimal formulation was produced with the longer chain surfactant, which impacted in a particle size of 489.2±0.25nm and encapsulation efficiency of 92.5±0.17%. This formulation showed sustained release over 72h according to zero order kinetics, where the drug diffusion is lower than the respective dissolution release rate. The bactericidal action of the tested formulations showed an expressive inhibition rate against S. typhimurium (73%), with potential for an effective release system for antimicrobial control.

Recent Advances in Sustainable Antimicrobial Food Packaging: Insights into Release Mechanisms, Design Strategies, and Applications in the Food Industry

“…These models will be used to investigate the release kinetic profiles of ecofriendly antimicrobial agents in food media and their potential applications in the food industry. The collected models include the zero-order (SEq 19), , first-order (SEq 20), ,,, Higuchi (SEq 21), , Korsmeyer–Peppas (SEq 11), ,,,,, and Logistic (SEq 22) ,, models, along with their specific equations, remarks, and applications (Table S1). By carefully analyzing these models in conjunction with other material testing and characterization, we can identify whether the primary release mechanism follows one of the six aforementioned patterns or involves multiple coupling mechanisms.…”

“…When a certain thermodynamic compatibility exists between the food contact SAFP and the food component, dissolution (Figure ) is usually initiated from the exterior surface of the substrate/carrier and gradually expands to the interior. This leads to the release of loaded antimicrobial active ingredients (i.e., individualized molecules, ions, or atoms) into the adjacent food medium. ,,,− Various factors, including the inherent characteristics and temperature of foods, the solubility and physical dimension of substrates/carriers, as well as the solubility, dispersion, and diffusion of antimicrobial components within substrates/carriers, significantly affect the dissolution rate of antimicrobial agents. , …”

Nanotechnology Development for Formulating Essential Oils in Wound Dressing Materials to Promote the Wound-Healing Process: A Review

“…The development of all kinds of wound dressing also influences the design of essential oil nanoemulsions. Indeed, essential oil nanoemulsions are combined with biopolymers, such as chitosan, with recognized biological effects [101], or they are used to ameliorate another kind of wound dressings, such as hydrogel [102] or both situations, as chitosan/alginate films [103].…”

In vitro anthelmintic activity of an R-carvone nanoemulsions towards multiresistant Haemonchus contortus

“…Nanoemulsions containing bioactive compounds form nanostructured systems that improve physicochemical stability, modulation of release rates and bioavailability of active principles (Abreu et al ., 2020). For nanoencapsulation, biopolymers such as sodium alginate are used.…”

“…The composition of formulations, method and preparation conditions are intrinsically related (Lovelyn and Attama, 2011). Thus, the comparison between the preparation methods of nanoemulsions is advantageous, as it allows obtaining more stable nanoemulsions and efficient controlled release systems (Abreu et al ., 2020).…”