Sward structure and livestock performance in guinea grass cv: Tanzania pastures managed by rotational stocking strategies

Euclides, Valéria Pacheco Batista; Montagner, Denise Baptaglin; Difante, Gelson dos Santos; Barbosa, Rodrigo Amorim; Fernandes, W. S.

doi:10.1590/0103-9016-2013-0272

Cited by 16 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, several researchers (Barbosa et al., ; Carnevalli et al., ; Zanini, Santos, Padilha, & Sbrissia, ) have recommended that when tropical pastures are rotationally grazed, the regrowth should be interrupted when the canopy is intercepting 95% of the incident light. This is because growth beyond this point promotes sward deterioration, which is characterized by higher percentages of stem and dead material, a lower percentage of leaf and a reduced leaf‐to‐stem ratio, resulting in the accumulation of low‐quality forage (Echeverria et al., ; Euclides, Montagner, Difante, Barbosa, & Fernandes, ). Identifying the correct time to interrupt the grazing period is of utmost importance (Sbrissia et al., ; Trindade et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maintaining post‐grazing sward height of Panicum maximum (cv. Mombaça) at 50 cm led to higher animal performance compared with post‐grazing height of 30 cm

Euclides

Carpejani

Montagner

et al. 2017

Grass and Forage Science

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In swards of tall, tufted, tropical grasses like Mombaça guinea grass (Panicum maximum (Jacq.)), post‐grazing heights promote changes in sward structure, which influence animal performance. This study evaluated changes in sward structure in response to grazing management at two post‐grazing heights (30 and 50 cm), associated with 90 cm pre‐grazing height. Each treatment was allocated to experimental unit (1.5 ha) in three replicated blocks. Pastures were evaluated pre‐ and post‐grazing to estimate herbage mass, percentages of leaf (LP), stem (SP) and dead material (DP), and nutritive value (VN). Stocking rate was adjusted twice a week “using the put‐and‐take approach,” and animals were weighed every 28 days. Forage accumulation rate was greater for pasture managed at 30 cm (64.8 vs. 55.1 kg ha−1 day−1) than 50 cm. A greater number of days were required after grazing 30‐cm residual pasture to achieve the pre‐grazing target height, resulting in 25% decrease in number of grazing cycles compared with pastures managed at 50 cm. Regardless of post‐grazing height targets, SP and DP decreased, whereas LP and NV increased from soil level to top of canopy. Stocking rate was greater in pastures managed to 30 cm than in those managed to 50 cm residual height (4.7 vs. 3.4 AU ha−1). However, average daily gain was greater for 50 cm than for 30 cm post‐grazing height (795 vs. 590 g steer−1 day−1), resulting in a greater animal production per area (917 vs. 794 kg/ha of live weight). Thus, Mombaça guinea grass subject to intermittent grazing should be managed at 50 cm residual height.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maintaining post‐grazing sward height of Panicum maximum (cv. Mombaça) at 50 cm led to higher animal performance compared with post‐grazing height of 30 cm

Euclides

Carpejani

Montagner

et al. 2017

Grass and Forage Science

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“…According to Pedreira et al (2007), this criterion is highly correlated with sward light interception, allowing herbage to be harvested in the same physiological condition according to variations in its accumulation (Lima et al, 2013). In addition, sward height is an easy and practical tool to guide grazing management in tropical forage grasses (Difante et al, 2010;Euclides et al, 2014). In this context, identifying the ideal sward surface height for each grass is essential to increase herbage production and animal productivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sward Structure and Herbage Accumulation of Massai Guineagrass Pastures Managed According to Pre-Grazing Heights, in the Northeast of Brazil

Neto¹,

Difante²,

Lana³

et al. 2017

JAS

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The forage sward height measurement is a practical and potential tool for grazing management. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the structure of pasture and forage accumulation related to sward pre-grazing height of Panicum maximum cv. Massai, before being grazed by sheep. The study was conducted in the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Macaíba, Brazil. The treatments were the pre-grazing sward heights at: 35, 40, 45 and 50 cm. The post-grazing height was 15 cm for all treatments. The interaction between the pre-grazing sward heights and grazing cycles was only statistically significant for light interception (LI) and leaf area index (LAI). The LI had linear and positive effect to the pre-grazing heights in only one of three grazing cycles, with approximately 1% increase in LI for each centimeter grown in the sward. The total forage mass had linear regression, every centimeter increased in height, there was a correspondent dry matter (DM) increase of 187 kg ha -1 in forage mass. There was a linear response between leaf blade mass and dead material with sward height. The post-grazing lowest LI was 29.42% at 42.05 cm high. The lowest amount of LI was 29.42% at 42.05 cm high. The minimum LAI was 0.69. The top DM and mineral matter (MM) accumulation rate were linear and had 58.32 and 20.46 kg ha -1 day -1 MS, respectively. Massai guineagrass grazed by sheep must be handled between 35 and 40 cm high at pre-grazing when associated with post-grazing height of 15 cm.

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“…En pasto Tanzania se encontró una menor proporción de hoja (60,3-62,2 %) y mayor de tallo (17,(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)4 %) y senescencia (18,4 %) en un sistema de rotación con días fijos (30-35 días) con respecto a las proporciones de hoja (71,6-79,0 %), tallo (12,0-16,6 %) y pasto senescente (11,7 %), bajo un ajuste variable en base a la altura de ingreso (70 cm) a la pastura, cuyos períodos de recuperación siempre fueron menores (23-31 d) (Euclides et al, 2014). En el presente estudio, el pasto Mombasa mantuvo una proporción de hoja mayor a lo largo de los cuatro muestreos, mientras que el pasto Estrella tuvo una proporción de hoja similar a la inicial en el cuarto muestreo.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…En el pasto Mombasa la relación hoja:tallo incrementó a más del doble con la remoción de la pastura senescente respecto al control (2,49 vs 1,20). Se ha encontrado relaciones hoja:tallo de 3,1 a 1,6 en época lluviosa al aumentar la edad de cosecha de tres a siete semanas (Ramírez-Reynoso et al, 2009), mientras en pasto Tanzania se han encontrado relaciones hoja:tallo superiores (4,3-6,6) bajo un sistema de rotación variable basado en la altura, con respecto a los de un sistema de rotación con días fijos (2,8-3,5) (Euclides et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…La práctica de remoción de la pastura senescente disminuyó la producción de biomasa en ambos pastos, siendo de mayor magnitud su efecto en el pasto Mombasa (Cuadro 2 y Figura 3). El pasto Tanzania ha mostrado producciones de biomasa entre 4950 a 6790 kg MS ha -1 y entre 4250 a 5370 kg MS ha -1 con sistemas de rotación de días fijo (30-35 días) y variable (70 cm altura), respectivamente (Euclides et al, 2014); dichos valores son menores al control y similares a los del tratamiento de este estudio, lo cual coincide con lo encontrado en los componentes estructurales, principalmente material senescente.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

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Remoción mecánica del material senescente para la recuperación de pasturas

Villalobos

WingChing-Jones

2019

Agron. Mesoam.

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Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivar 4.0 Internacional. Para más información escriba a pccmca@ucr.ac.cr, pccmca@gmail.com Resumen Introducción. La acumulación de material senescente en pasturas tropicales es resultado de la alta producción de biomasa y bajo nivel de aprovechamiento en pastoreo. La remoción de senescencia en pasturas permite que el ganado acceda a estratos bajos durante el pastoreo, lo que genera un rebrote con mayor concentración de nutrientes. Objetivo. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la respuesta de los pastos Estrella africana (Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst.) y Mombasa (Megathyrsus maximus Jacq.) a la remoción de material senescente, con base en sus componentes estructurales, biomasa y contenido de nutrientes. Materiales y métodos. El experimento se llevó a cabo entre abril y agosto de 2017 en dos fincas, una ubicada en Turrialba, Cartago y la otra en San Carlos, Alajuela. Se utilizó un diseño de chi-cuadrado para evaluar la remoción de material senescente versus los respectivos controles. Resultados. La remoción de pasto senescente incrementó la proporción de hoja en ambos pastos. La biomasa producida tuvo un contenido proteico mayor y menos pared celular, siendo a su vez más digestible que el control sin remoción. Los cambios estructurales tuvieron una mayor duración en el pasto Mombasa, lo cual se atribuyó a las diferencias en arquitectura de la planta respecto al pasto estrella. Conclusión. La remoción del pasto senescente es una estrategia para modificar la composición estructural de las pasturas, con lo que se mejora el perfil nutricional de la materia seca producida. El sistema e intensidad de pastoreo pueden contribuir a una menor acumulación de senescencia, y producir un forraje de mayor valor nutricional por un plazo mayor.Palabras clave: plantas perennes, recuperación de pasturas, senescencia, biomasa, contenido de nutrientes. AbstractIntroduction. The accumulation of senescent material in tropical pastures is the result of high biomass production and low level of utilization. By removing senescence pastures, cattle can graze at lower levels, allowing regrowth with higher nutrient content. Objective. The objective of this study was to evaluate the response of African stargrass (Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst.) and Mombasa (Megathyrsus maximus Jacq.) to removal of senescent material based on its structural components, biomass and nutrient content. Materials and methods. This experiment was carried out

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Sward structure and livestock performance in guinea grass cv: Tanzania pastures managed by rotational stocking strategies

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

Maintaining post‐grazing sward height of Panicum maximum (cv. Mombaça) at 50 cm led to higher animal performance compared with post‐grazing height of 30 cm

Maintaining post‐grazing sward height of Panicum maximum (cv. Mombaça) at 50 cm led to higher animal performance compared with post‐grazing height of 30 cm

Sward Structure and Herbage Accumulation of Massai Guineagrass Pastures Managed According to Pre-Grazing Heights, in the Northeast of Brazil

Remoción mecánica del material senescente para la recuperación de pasturas

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