Citral chemotype of the Lippia alba essential oil as an additive in simulated transport with different loading densities of tambaqui juveniles

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the citral chemotype of Lippia alba essential oil (EOLA) as an additive in a simulated transport with different loading densities of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) juveniles. Simulated transport of tambaqui juveniles at three loading densities (30, 60 and 90 fish/L) was carried out either with only water (WC) or 20 μL.L-1 EOLA. Dissolved oxygen levels, pH, conductivity and temperature of the water were measured at the beginning and end of the simulated transport. Treatment with EOLA did not change survival or dissolved oxygen levels at the end of simulation. The pH of the water at the end of simulation with EOLA was lower than in that of WC but did not change with loading density. Water conductivity increased with loading density; however, it was lower in the groups with EOLA. The addition of EOLA can be useful in long-term transportation at high loading densities, but further studies related to tambaqui physiology are required.

Oxidative responses in small juveniles of Colossoma macropomum anesthetized and sedated with Ocimum gratissimum L. essential oil

“…x 40 cm were used, each with 2 L of water and 2/3 of pure oxygen, with a density of 75.0 g L − 1 (10 sh bag − 1 ). The load densities correspond to the density used by previous studies (Silva et al 2020;Paranhos et al 2021;Ferreira et al 2022). The clean water used for the simulated transport of Juveniles I had a temperature of 27.00 ± 0.68 ºC, pH of 6.83 ± 0.04, dissolved oxygen of 10.21 ± 0.42 mg L − 1 and total ammonia of 0.02 ± 0.01 mg L − 1 , while that for Juveniles II had a temperature of 27.07 ± 0.57 ºC, pH of 6.87 ± 0.06, dissolved oxygen of 10.02 ± 0.34 mg L − 1 and total ammonia of 0.02 ± 0.01 mg L − 1 .…”

Essential oils as anaesthetics and sedatives in native Brazilian fish, with a special emphasis on Colossoma macropomum : A review

“…Indeed, the citral chemotype of L. alba EO in the concentration of 20 µl L −1 was effective for the transport of C. macropomum during 17 h at stocking densities of 60 and 90 fish L −1 . There were no mortalities or alterations in oxygen levels; though there was a reduction in the increase in conductivity, which suggests that the fish had a lower loss of ions (Silva, Souza, et al, 2020).…”