Adaptability and stability of Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner genotypes in the Western Amazon

Abstract

The development of Coffea canephora cultivars is based on the characterization of genotype × environment interaction, which is interpreted to quantify the differential behavior of clones at different cultivation sites. The objective of this research was to study the genotype x environment interaction aiming to select clones of broad and specific adaptation to different environments of the Western Amazon. Twelve clones with hybrid characteristics of the botanical varieties Conilon and Robusta and four open pollinated clones, had their performance evaluated in comparison with four controls. The genotype × environment interaction was interpreted based on the environmental quality index, the non-parametric estimator of Lin and Binns, 1988 and on the dispersion of the centroid method. Effects of the genotypes, environment, and genotype × environment interaction were all significant (p<0.01). The environmental quality index (Ij) classified three environments as favorable for coffee production. In terms of the Lin and Binn’s estimator (Pi), hybrid genotypes 16, 10, 13, 09 and 14 presented lower Pi indices than others, and were classified as being more stable. Five clones of low adaptability, seven clones of specific adaptability to favorable or unfavorable environments and two clones of broad adaptability to all environments were identified interpreting the dispersion of the centroid method.

Beverage quality of Coffea canephora genotypes in the western Amazon, Brazil

“…The clones 11 and 17 averaged above 80 points in all the environments and had potential for specialty coffee production. Unlike the clone BRS 2314, which had superior drink quality associated with good agronomic performance, the clone 17 is characterized by overgrowth in the field, and the clone 11 has lower productivity (Moraes et al, 2020). According to these authors, the clone 453, which is also characterized by its lower agronomic performance, had good drink quality in all the environments and almond, chocolate, and dry finish traits, except in Alta Floresta do Oeste (Table 4).…”

“…The clones BRS 3213, BRS 3210, and BRS 2299, which stand out for their good agronomic performance according to Moraes et al (2020), had less potential for producing 'fine' coffee. These clones presented less prominent nuances and were characterized as predominantly neutral flavored beverage, with short finish.…”

“…Results can be shown in a scatter plot and compared to 'ideotypes', which act as reference points (Rocha, Muro-Abad, Araújo, & Cruz, 2005;Nascimento et al, 2015). Besides being used to study genotype x environment (G x E) interaction in different crops, the multivariate methods also help select coffee plants with higher productive potential (Oliveira et al, 2018;Moraes et al, 2020).…”

Amazonian Robustas - new Coffea canephora coffee cultivars for the Western Brazilian Amazon

“…Yield is affected both by plant yield potential and by environmental conditions, such as climate, soil, and management techniques (Fonseca et al 2004, Partelli et al 2019, Moraes et al 2020. Although all cultivars have a yield potential greater than 100 bags per hectare, there is genetic variability among the selected plants, which supports their classification in three distinct categories.…”

Environmental stratification and performance of Coffea canephora clones grown in the Western Amazon

“…The genotype by environment (G×E) interaction has numerous implications for breeding of perennial species such as the C. canephora coffee plant (Ferrão et al, 2008;Moraes et al, 2020;Cilas et al, 2011). Change in performance of genotypes grown in different environments is important in clonal selection, which should be conducted in environments with different climatic, edaphic, and crop management conditions, aiming to identify genotypes with wide or specific adaptabilities (Cruz et al, 2014;Gauch et al, 2008, Mistro et al, 2003.…”