Morpho-agronomic characterization and analysis of genetic divergenceamong accessions of tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

Abstract

The collection and characterization of tomato germplasm are of relevant importance for agriculture. This study aimed to collect and characterize, by way of morphological description and statistical tools for the composition of groups, tomato accesses from the Southern and Serrana regions of the State of Espírito Santo, as well as to establish the tomato germplasm bank of the Ifes - Campus de Alegre. Thirty-seven accessions were collected from different commercial locations of Espírito Santo. The experiment was conducted in the Ifes Campus de Alegre in the Agroecology sector. For the morpho-agronomic characterization, sixteen essential descriptors were used, nine quantitative and seven qualitative. In the color of the ripe fruit, there was the formation of five distinct groups with the colors yellow, green, orange, pink and red. In the format of the fruit, three groups were formed, slightly flattened, flattened and rounded. The ANOVA showed that there was a significant difference for all the quantitative characteristics evaluated. According to the Ward-MLM procedure, due to the high likelihood function in group seven (from 130.71), it was possible to group the 37 genotypes into seven groups. The greatest dissimilarity was observed in groups V and VII with a distance of 330.02, and the least dissimilar ones, groups IV and VI, with 8.21. Genetic variability was detected in tomato germplasm for the morpho-agronomic characteristics. Many of the accessions are promising sources of phenotypes of interest to the Ifes germplasm bank.

Assessment of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Landraces for Their Agronomic, Biochemical Characteristics and Resistance to Phytophthora infestans

“…Similarly to our results, Rocha et al (2010) [37] observed the red colour of the fruit in 25 of the 40 varieties of cherry tomatoes (62.5%) grown organically. Other studies showed the same predominance of red [38][39][40]. In addition to the various shades of red of the fruit, the above authors identified other colours, but in proportions: pink, yellow, orange, and green, as well as all of their different combinations.…”

“…The main groups for classifying the shape of the fruit in tomatoes differed according to the author: round, slightly flattened, cylindrical, and round elongated [40]; globular, cordiform, cylindrical, pear-shaped, and slightly flattened [39]; slightly flattened, flattened and round [38]. However, in all the studies mentioned above, round and round-flattened shapes were predominant.…”

Produtividade, anatomia foliar e qualidade de frutos de híbridos de tomateiro tipo Saladete sob ambiente protegido

“…Esse resultado indica que os frutos dos 5 híbridos variam entre tons de amarelo, alaranjado e vermelho, demonstrando uma distinção entre os outros dois grupos. A cor do tomate é um indicativo de substâncias denominadas carotenoides, estas substâncias dão a coloração amarela, laranja e vermelha, sendo os tipos mais relatados na composição do tomate, o licopeno e o β-caroteno (FERNANDES et al 2018), associado a acentuada síntese de licopeno (CARVALHO et al, 2005;LÓPEZ-CAMELO et al, 2004).…”

“…A demanda dos tomates do grupo Saladete também conhecidos como italiano tem aumentado no Brasil, além de apresentar alto teor de sólidos solúveis totais, os frutos são indicados tanto para processamento, quanto para consumo in natura (FERNANDES et al, 2018), proporciona frutos alongados, biloculares, polpa espessa e são firmes e saborosos.…”

Genomic markers analysis associated with resistance to <i>Alternaria alternata</i> (fr.) keissler—tomato pathotype, <i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.

“…Qualitative and quantitative characteristics determine the agronomic value and taxonomic classification of plants. Variations in these characteristics are critical for varietal identification and selection, and breeders need suitable knowledge of tomato genetic diversity to identify and improve tomato genotypes with desirable characteristics in terms of agricultural traits, disease resistance, harvest yield and quality (Fernandes et al 2018, Rosenqvist et al 2019. Moreover, the development of phenotypic-genetic markers that are closely linked to EB disease resistance facilitates the introgression of phenotypic traits into marker-assisted selection in resistance breeding and identification of resistant tomato genotypes (Mongiano et al 2020, Nafisa et al 2020.…”