Post-ride inflammatory markers in endurance horses

Siqueira, Renata Farinelli de; Fernandes, Wilson Roberto

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20151070

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In the case of exercise-induced APR, as described earlier, the highest (10-fold or more) increases in SAA concentration have been reported in endurance horses that completed the longest (120–160 km) distances [12], whereas after a moderate distance ride or strenuous training in inexperienced horses was slighter but still significant, resulting in an observed two to four-fold elevation of SAA concentration [15]. The unique feature of this response was that SAA levels tended to increase proportionally to the covered distance [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Serum Amyloid A (SAA) Concentration in Arabian Endurance Horses During First Training Season

Bąska

Czopowicz

Żmigrodzka

et al. 2019

Animals

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Sport training leads to adaptation to physical effort that is reflected by the changes in blood parameters. In equine endurance athletes, blood testing is accepted as a support in training, however, only the changes before versus after exercise in creatine phosphokinase activity (CPK) and basic blood parameters are usually measured. This study is the first longitudinal investigation of the changes in routinely measured blood parameters and, additionally, serum amyloid A (SAA), during seven months, in Arabian horses introduced to endurance training and competing in events for young horses. It has been determined that CPK, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin concentration, red blood cell count (RBC), and concentration of total serum protein (TSP) slightly increased after training sessions and competitions in similar manner. The increase in white blood cell (WBC) count was higher after competitions and SAA increased only after competitions. Total protein concentration was the only parameter that increased with training during a 7-month program. SAA indicated only in the case of heavy effort, and, it thus may be helpful in the monitoring of training in young horses. In an optimal program, its concentration should not increase after a training session but only after heavy effort, which should not be repeated too often.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Serum Amyloid A (SAA) Concentration in Arabian Endurance Horses During First Training Season

Bąska

Czopowicz

Żmigrodzka

et al. 2019

Animals

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“…Others reported a significant decline in plasma TNF-α in samples obtained from sled dogs after two consecutive days of racing (52-75 km/day) [41], but the precise time after cessation of exercise that the sample was taken is unclear, prohibiting direct comparison to the current study. Horses exercising at low intensity (i.e., endurance exercise of 80-160 km) also did not have measurable increases in IL-1β or TNFα [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

The Time Course of Inflammatory Biomarkers Following a One-Hour Exercise Bout in Canines: A Pilot Study

Pearson

Pezzali

Donadelli

et al. 2020

Animals

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Simple Summary: The purpose of this study is to generate preliminary data on the inflammatory effects of an hour of hunting in dogs. Four basset hounds were set out to find a scent and freely adopted running or walking over wooded terrain for one hour. Blood samples were obtained before exercise and 1, 2, 4, 6, and 10 h after the end of the exercise for analysis of markers of inflammation (prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ), nitric oxide (NO), interleukin 1β (IL-1β)), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)), and inflammation resolution (resolvin D1 (RvD1)). There was an increase in inflammation one hour after the exercise, shown by a significant increase in PGE 2 . Following the peak, PGE 2 steadily declined at the same time as RvD1 increased, with RvD1 peaking at six hours. This pilot study provides evidence that dogs that undergo an hour of hunt exercise experience transient inflammation that peaks one hour after the end of exercise; inflammation resolution peaks six hours after the end of exercise. Future studies should seek to further understand the distinct and combined roles of PGE 2 and RvD1 in dog adaptation to exercise stress.Abstract: There is little information available to describe the inflammatory consequences of and recovery from moderate-intensity exercise bouts in hunting dogs. The purpose of the current study is to generate pilot data on the appearance and disappearance of biomarkers of inflammation and inflammation resolution following a typical one-hour exercise bout in basset hounds. Four hounds were set out to find a scent and freely adopted running or walking over wooded terrain for approximately one hour. Venous blood samples were obtained before the exercise and at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 10 h following cessation of exercise and were analyzed for biomarkers of inflammation (prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ), nitric oxide (NO), interleukin 1β (IL-1β)) tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)), and inflammation resolution (resolvin D1 (RvD1)). There was an increase in inflammation one hour after the exercise, shown by a significant increase in PGE 2 . Following this peak, PGE 2 steadily declined at the same time as RvD1 increased, with RvD1 peaking at six hours. This pilot study provides evidence that dogs that undergo an hour of hunt exercise experience transient inflammation that peaks one hour after the end of exercise; inflammation resolution peaks six hours after the end of exercise. Future studies should seek to further understand the distinct and combined roles of PGE 2 and RvD1 in dog adaptation to exercise stress.

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“…Moreover, IL-10 stimulates production of IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) [13] , [28] . Thus, we decided to evaluate the changes in IL-1ra and IL-13 concentration in comparison to well-known anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10 [11] , [18] , [29] . In humans, in master sprinters, and master endurance athletes (25-years’ experience) the level of IL-10 increased after training [30] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in novel anti-infalmmatory cytokine concetration in the bood of endurance and race horses at different levels of training

Plisak¹,

Szczepaniak²,

Żmigrodzka³

et al. 2023

Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal

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Post-ride inflammatory markers in endurance horses

Abstract: The acute phase reaction occurs in response to diseases, surgical trauma and can happen after strenuous exercise, like long distance events. This study aimed to evaluate the Serum Amyloid A (SAA), pro-inflammatory interleukins (IL-1β and

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Changes in Serum Amyloid A (SAA) Concentration in Arabian Endurance Horses During First Training Season

Changes in Serum Amyloid A (SAA) Concentration in Arabian Endurance Horses During First Training Season

The Time Course of Inflammatory Biomarkers Following a One-Hour Exercise Bout in Canines: A Pilot Study

Changes in novel anti-infalmmatory cytokine concetration in the bood of endurance and race horses at different levels of training

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