Pathogenicity of Aspergillus westerdijkiae to females and oothecae of Periplaneta Americana

Baggio, Mariah Valente; Ferreira, Marcelo da Costa; Monteiro, Ana Ruth Macêdo; Maldonado, Walter; Lemos, Manoel Victor Franco

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20141856

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…This is the first finding reporting the alterations in different types of haemocytes in S. litura under SEM. The technique has been used to observe and characterize the haemocytes of different insects in various reports [68,69] and also to observe the spores accumulation in the body of the insect after fungal infection [70][71][72][73]. However, similar types of morphological changes as observed in the present finding were demonstrated by other workers due to entomopathogenic fungi and insecticides under light microscopy [74][75][76][77].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Schizophyllum commune induced oxidative stress and immunosuppressive activity in Spodoptera litura

et al. 2020

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Background: In the last few decades, considerable attention has been paid to fungal endophytes as biocontrol agents, however little is known about their mode of action. This study aimed to investigate the toxic effects of an endophytic fungus Schizophyllum commune by analyzing activities of antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes as well as morphology of haemocytes using Spodoptera litura as a model. Results: Ethyl acetate extract of S. commune was fed to the larvae of S. litura using the artificial diet having 276.54 μg/ml (LC 50 of fungus) concentration for different time durations. Exposed groups revealed significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in the activities of various enzymes viz. Catalase, Ascorbate peroxidase, Superoxide dismutase, Glutathione-S-Transferase. Furthermore, haemocytes showed various deformities like breakage in the cell membrane, cytoplasmic leakage and appearance of strumae in the treated larvae. A drastic reduction in the percentage of normal haemocytes was recorded in the treated groups with respect to control. Conclusion: The study provides important information regarding the oxidative stress causing and immunosuppressant potential of S. commune against S. litura and its considerable potential for incorporation in pest management programs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Schizophyllum commune induced oxidative stress and immunosuppressive activity in Spodoptera litura

et al. 2020

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“…In this work was additionally found a number of nonpathogenic OTUs, being some of them described in the literature as presenting the useful features of antagonism against phytopathogens, such as Chaetomium globosum (Awad et al, 2014), Epicoccum nigrum (Fávaro et al, 2012), Penicillium brevicompactum (Jackson et al, 1997) and Trichoderma koningii (Reddy et al, 2014), and/or entomopathogenecity (e.g. Aspergillus westerdijkiae; Baggio et al, 2016). There is very limited information on isolation and characterization of epiphytes and endophytes from fresh olives.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Aggarwal, 2015;Biswas et al, 2012;Fávaro et al, 2012;Lahlali and Hijri, 2010); however, this is the first work showing an effective antagonist activity of these two species against C. acutatum. Similarly, studies examining antagonistic effect of A. westerdijkiae against phytopathogens have never been performed, being only tested its entomopathogenic properties against Periplaneta americana (Baggio et al, 2016). The suppression of C. acutatum growth by fungal isolates tested was mediated mostly at distance and/or in its vicinity, and in less extended following contact.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal community in olive fruits of cultivars with different susceptibilities to anthracnose and selection of isolates to be used as biocontrol agents

et al. 2017

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A B S T R A C TOlive anthracnose is an important fruit disease in olive crop worldwide. Because of the importance of microbial phyllosphere to plant health, this work evaluated the effect of cultivar on endophytic and epiphytic fungal communities by studying their diversity in olives of two cultivars with different susceptibilities to anthracnose. The biocontrol potency of native isolates against Colletotrichum acutatum, the main causal agent of this disease, was further evaluated using the dual-culture method. Fungal community of both cultivars encompassed a complex species consortium including phytopathogens and antagonists. Host genotype was important in shaping endophytic but not epiphytic fungal communities, although some host-specific fungal genera were found within epiphytic community. Epiphytic and endophytic fungal communities also differed in size and in composition in olives of both cultivars, probably due to differences in physical and chemical nature of the two habitats. Fungal tested were able to inhibited C. acutatum growth (inhibition coefficients up to 30.9), sporulation (from 46 to 86%) and germination (from 21 to 74%), and to caused abnormalities in pathogenic hyphae. This finding could open opportunities to select specific beneficial microbiome by selecting particular cultivar and highlighted the potential use of these fungi in the biocontrol of olive anthracnose.

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“…The results are in corroboration with study of Fan et al [ 55 ] which observed the cell perforation and rupturing with cytoplasmic leakage in haemocytes of Bombyx mori (Linnaeus) after treatment with destruxin A. There are very few studies which reveal the abnormalities of insect haemocytes using SEM, however technique has been used by various researchers to observe and characterize the different types of haemocytes in insects [ 17 , 56 ] and to observe spores accumulation in insect’s body after fungal infection [ 5 , 6 , 57 ]. Recently Duan et al [ 58 ] observed the infection of B. bassiana to Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) via scanning electron microscopy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspergillus flavus induced oxidative stress and immunosuppressive activity in Spodoptera litura as well as safety for mammals

et al. 2021

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Background In the last few decades, considerable attention has been paid to entomopathogenic fungi as biocontrol agents, however little is known about their mode of action and safety. This study aimed to investigate the toxicity of Aspergillus flavus in insect Spodoptera litura by analyzing the effect of fungal extract on antioxidant and cellular immune defense. In antioxidant defense, the lipid peroxidation (Malondialdehyde content) and antioxidant enzymes activities (Catalase, Ascorbate peroxidase, Superoxide dismutase) were examined. In cellular immune defense, effect of A. flavus extract was analyzed on haemocytes using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, mammalian toxicity was analyzed with respect to DNA damage induced in treated rat relative to control by comet assay using different tissues of rat (blood, liver, and kidney). Results Ethyl acetate extract of A. flavus was administrated to the larvae of S.litura using artificial diet method having concentration 1340.84 μg/ml (LC50 of fungus). The effect was observed using haemolymph of insect larvae for different time intervals (24, 48, 72 and 96). In particular, Malondialdehyde content and antioxidant enzymes activities were found to be significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased in treated larvae as compared to control. A. flavus ethyl acetate extract also exhibit negative impact on haemocytes having major role in cellular immune defense. Various deformities were observed in different haemocytes like cytoplasmic leakage and surface abnormalities etc. Genotoxicity on rat was assessed using different tissues of rat (blood, liver, and kidney) by comet assay. Non-significant effect of A. flavus extract was found in all the tissues (blood, liver, and kidney). Conclusions Overall the study provides important information regarding the oxidative stress causing potential and immunosuppressant nature of A. flavus against S. litura and its non toxicity to mammals (rat), mammals (rat), suggesting it an environment friendly pest management agent.

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Pathogenicity of Aspergillus westerdijkiae to females and oothecae of Periplaneta Americana

Abstract: Cockroach control is performed by the application of chemical insecticides which exert high selective pressure on populations and introduces synthetic substances in

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

Schizophyllum commune induced oxidative stress and immunosuppressive activity in Spodoptera litura

Schizophyllum commune induced oxidative stress and immunosuppressive activity in Spodoptera litura

Fungal community in olive fruits of cultivars with different susceptibilities to anthracnose and selection of isolates to be used as biocontrol agents

Aspergillus flavus induced oxidative stress and immunosuppressive activity in Spodoptera litura as well as safety for mammals

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