Selection of arabica coffee progenies tolerant to heat stress

Abstract

Due to high temperatures, practically all coffee farms in the state of Rondonia are of the C. canephora species. Thus, importing arabica coffee from other states becomes necessary for composition of blends, as well as for the specialty or gourmet coffee market. The purpose of this study was to select arabica coffee genotypes that exhibit satisfactory agronomic performance under high temperature conditions. The experiment was conducted in OuroPreto do Oeste, RO, Brazil, with mean annual temperature of 25.8°C and mean annual rainfall of 2300mm year-1. The experiment was composed of 114 arabica coffee genotypes, with 103 progenies and eleven control cultivars, provided by EPAMIG. A randomized block experimental design was used with three replications, spacing of 3.0x1.0 meters and five plants per plot. All the crop seasons showed significant difference for the green coffee yield trait. In joint analysis, significant differences were detected among progenies and control cultivars. In the average of the four harvests, green coffee yield was 32.38 bags ha-1. The cultivars 'CatuaíVermelho IAC 15', 'Obatã IAC 1669-20' and 'Catucaí Amarelo 2SLCAK' stood out, achieving yields greater than 40 bags ha-1. The gain obtained from selection was 14.33 bags ha-1, which is equivalent to an increase of 44.04% in production of green coffee. The progeny H514-7-10-6-2-3-9 stood out with an average yield of 51.20 bags ha-1. In regard to maturation cycle, 56% of the progenies were classified as early maturity and 44% as medium maturity. Late maturity genotypes were not observed

l.240 ADAPTABILITY AND STABILITY OF Coffea arabica LINES IN THE WESTERN AMAZON

“…Low altitude environments exhibited a high incidence of aborted flowers in all the years evaluated. According to Pezzopane et al (2008) and Teixeira et al (2015), flower abortion in the coffee crop is caused by dehydration and poor formation of the flowers, which are called "starlet" flowers (RODRIGUES et al, 2016a).…”

“…The cultivar Catucai Amarelo 2SL was the best control, as it had a mean yield of 40.94 bags ha -1 (TEIXEIRA et al, 2015). This cultivar was selected through exhibiting high yields in regions of high temperatures.…”

“…Lines 12 and 13 had higher yield than the best control, with mean yields of hulled coffee over three years of 41.42 and 38.84 bags ha -1 , respectively (Table 2). Teixeira et al (2015) evaluated production over four crop seasons of C. arabica in Ouro Preto do Oeste, RO, and reported gain from selection of 44% through selection of line 12, with mean yields from three crop seasons of 51.20 bags ha -1 .…”

Smallholder coffee terroirs of Rwanda : linking local to global trade through geographical characterization

“…Compared with world-wide coffee growing countries, Rwandan coffee farmers obtain yield levels well below the levels (1.7 t ha -1 ) obtained by small scale farmers in India (Jayakumar, Rajavel, & Surendran, 2016), and 1.8 t ha -1 in Brazil (de Muner, Masera, Fornazier, de Souza, & de Loreto, 2015). Very high yields (3t ha -1 ) are reported in Brazil on commercial Arabica coffee farms (Teixeira, Souza, Pereira, de Oliveira, & Rocha, 2015). In East Africa, Rwanda has similar yield ranges as observed in Uganda (0.7 to 0.9 t ha -1 ) (N. Wang et al, 2015).…”

“…This is for the short term a much more feasible approach than calculating theoretical yield gaps which require, in order to be bridged, irrigation, optimal fertilizer applications and pest control measures which in most cases requires major investments that can be only afforded by large scale farmers (e.g. Liu, Li, Zhang, & Yang, 2016;Teixeira et al, 2015).…”