Aborto no Congresso Nacional: o enfrentamento de atores religiosos e feministas em um Estado laico

Abstract

O artigo analisa o debate sobre aborto na Câmara dos Deputados durante as duas legislaturas do governo Lula (2003-2006; 2007-2010) considerando o embate entre as posições pró-vida e pró-escolha. O material examinado são discursos e proposições legislativas. Esta pesquisa demonstra um quadro diversificado. Observam-se alianças entre feministas e religiosos, e políticos de pertencimento religioso declarado se opõem às diretrizes de sua instituição. O debate sobre o direito à vida será o foco de análise nessa controvérsia, contraposto às reivindicações de autonomia da mulher. Além da interferência da Igreja Católica, os evangélicos surgem como atores privilegiados articulados na Frente Parlamentar Evangélica. A defesa do Estado laico é argumento usado por ambos os lados para garantir a pluralidade de posições no espaço público.

Igualdade de gênero: por que o Brasil vive retrocessos?

“…On the one hand, the fight for demands that meet basic Human Rights principles in the world political agenda, on the other, the constant threat of losing the rights already gained 3,4 . However, the involvement of organizations, institutions, feminists movements and other agents have played a crucial role in the fight for guaranteeing rights.…”

“…Even when faced with a National Congress marked by strong religious and patriarchal conservatism, which constantly put on the agenda law proposals and discussions that infringe upon secularism and roll back achievements 3,4 ; or with the fusion with the Racial Equality and Human Rights Secretaries, which weakened it; and the subsequent decision by Congress to undermine its mission by withdrawing the gender perspective from its attributions, SPM greatly contributed to women's health and gender equity in Brazil.…”

“…Some had already raised concerns regarding the possibility of a backlash against sexual and reproductive health policies in Brazil, based on the strong political conservatism and religious fundamentalism among government agencies 3,4 . Galli & Deslandes's 3 paper announced that, faced with the forces present in the Legislative, the country was at risk of going in the opposite direction of what was needed to guarantee women's sexual and reproductive health.…”

Ameaças de retrocesso nas políticas de saúde sexual e reprodutiva no Brasil em tempos de epidemia de Zika

“…The current composition of the Brazilian National Congress shows a strong religiously-based conservatism whose agendas infringe the Brazilian state's secularity 7 . There is a set laws submitted by the Evangelical Lobby that raise threats of retrocession in established rights, as part of a strategy organized under the "right to life" argument 8 .…”

Properly sexed, properly reproductive: Sexual and reproductive rights and the rhetoric of the new Brazilian conservatism

“…A number of congressmen who oppose abortion and other related contentious issues make no recourse to religious arguments, and do not necessarily define themselves publicly as religious people (regarding the debate on abortion, see particularly Aldana, 2008;Luna, 2013;. As Luna (2014) notes, though religious parliamentarians take the forefront of the assault on the right to abortion, non-religious ones are also divided on the issue, suggesting that religion is not the sole factor affecting parliamentary positioning.…”