The effect of music on weight gain of preterm infants older than 32 weeks: a randomized clinical trial

Abstract

The effect of music on weight gain of preterm infants older than 32 weeks: a randomized clinical trial Efeito da música sobre o ganho de peso de prematuros maiores de 32 semanas: ensaio clínico randomizado Efecto de la música sobre la ganancia de peso en prematuros mayores que 32 semanas hospitalizados en el Programa Madre-Canguro: ensayo clínico randomizado ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effect of recorded music with multimodal stimulation on the weight gain of preterm infants included in the Kangaroo-Mother Program.Methods: Randomized clinical trial with 61 premature infants, of both sexes, with postconceptional age greater or equal to 32 weeks and at least ten days of life, without detected abnormalities in the visual and hearing systems, and hospitalized in the Kangaroo-Mother Unit. Patients were randomized in two groups: of 31 preterm infants received multimodal stimulation with music daily, for seven days; 30 preterm infants received only multimodal stimulation. The following characteristics were evaluated: weight gain, energy consumption, heart rate and respiratory rate, stress signs and feeding method. Comparison between groups was made by Student's t-test, Mann Whitney test and chi-square test, being significant p<0.05.Results: The two groups did not present significant differences in relation to the feeding method and energy consumption (p=0.46); however, weight gain was greater in the Experimental Group (p=0.002), which also presented better stability in cardiac and respiratory rates (p<0.001) and a significant reduction of stress signs (p=0.007), compared with the Control Group.Conclusions: The recorded music with multimodal stimulation is associated with a greater gain in body weight of hospitalized preterm infants as well as presents a positive influence on vital and stress signs (Clinical Trials Registry -UTN: U1111-1153-9301).Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito da música gravada com estimulação multimodal sobre o ganho de peso de prematuros incluídos no Programa Mãe-Canguru.Métodos: Ensaio clínico randomizado com 61 prematuros, de ambos os sexos, com idade pós-concepcional maior ou igual a 32 semanas, mínimo de dez dias de vida, sistema visual e auditivos sem alterações detectadas e hospitalizados na Unidade Mãe-Canguru. A amostra foi randomizada por sorteio em dois grupos, com 31 prematuros submetidos à estimulação multimodal com música, diariamente, durante sete dias, comparados com 30 prematuros que receberam apenas estimulação multimodal. Foram avaliadas as características dos prematuros, além de ganho de peso, consumo energético, frequência cardíaca e respiratória, sinais de estresse e forma de alimentação. A comparação entre os grupos foi realizada pelos testes t de Student, Mann Whitney e qui-quadrado, sendo significante p<0,05.Resultados: Os grupos não mostraram diferença significante em relação à forma de alimentação e ao consumo energético (p=0,46), porém o ganho de peso foi maior no Grupo Experimental (p=0,002), que também apresentou maior estabilidade das frequências cardíaca e respiratóri...

Clinical benefits of music‐based interventions on preterm infants' health: A systematic review of randomised trials

“…Discrepancies were resolved by discussion and consensus. The overall results showed that 27 RCTs had a low (69.2%), 17‐43 7 had a moderate (17.9%) 44‐50 and 5 had a high (12.8%) risk of bias 51‐55 …”

“…In MM studies, some positive effects on physiological and behavioural parameters were noted ( n = 19, 73.1%), such as HR or RR stability 34,49,51 ; reductions in RR 29,46 ; reductions in HR and increase in its variability parameters (indicative of the parasympathetic tone) 38,45,53 ; increase in satO2 31,51,53 ; decrease in resting energy expenditure 47,48 ; weight gain 34 ; reductions in stress signs 34,46 ; greater stability of the autonomic nervous system 33 ; and improvement in neuromotor development, 42,50 behavioural states, 32,45 feeding behaviour or rate, 41,55 and sleep states 32,37,39,45 . However, some MM trials ( n = 14, 53.8%) had conflicting results and no significant responses in RR, 32,33,52,53,55 HR, 32,33,37,46,49,51,52,54 satO2, 29,32,33,37,49,52,54 blood pressure (BP), 29 weight gain, 51 circadian rhythm, 40 feeding behaviour or rate, 34,55 and behavioural states 33,39,52,54 …”

Preterm infant physiological responses to music therapy: a systematic review

“…In two studies, the music was delivered using headphones, 11,12 eleven studies used speakers or MP3 players inside or close to the incubator; one study used PAL, 13 two studies did not clearly state the delivery mode used. 18,19 The decibel levels were set between 45-76 dB. The intervention was offered 1-3 times daily for 10-60 minutes, and given for 1 to 8 days.…”

“…Music therapy began 30-60 minutes after feeding, nursing, as well as during or after heel stick procedures, at 9-10 AM, 10 AM -7 PM, 2-3 PM, 8-9 PM, 9-10 PM, or either morning or afternoon. [11][12][13][14][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] Three studies used recorded maternal voice reading a book or singing a song. The recordings were delivered using a tape player or speaker placed inside the incubator, except for one study that did not explain the music delivery method.…”

“…Music therapy was shown to significantly decrease the heart rate 12,14,17,18,20,23,26,27 and respiratory rate, 13,18,22,23,26,27 and increase oxygen saturation. 12,19,20,22 Participants in all studies started from 28 weeks' gestational age.…”