Body composition assessment using DXA in six-year-old children: the 2004 Pelotas Birth Cohort, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil

Zanini, Roberta; Santos, Iná S.; Gigante, Denise Petrucci; Matijasevich, Alícia; Barros, Fernando C.; Barros, Aluísio J. D.

doi:10.1590/0102-311x00153313

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…We also observed significant differences in body shape and size by SEP and skin colour. The higher values for Corpulence in children from high SEP and white skin colour is consistent with previous reports of higher BMI and body fat mass in this cohort and in other studies 30 , 31 , 32 and likely reflects differences in nutrition and other childhood factors. Nevertheless, further studies should examine whether differences in components of body shape and size are related to lifestyle factors, such as feeding habits, physical activity, sedentary behaviour and so on in childhood.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Body shape and size in 6-year old children: assessment by three-dimensional photonic scanning

et al. 2016

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Background:Body shape and size are typically described using measures such as body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference, which predict disease risks in adults. However, this approach may underestimate the true variability in childhood body shape and size.Objective:To use a comprehensive three-dimensional photonic scan approach to describe variation in childhood body shape and size.Subjects/Methods:At age 6 years, 3350 children from the population-based 2004 Pelotas birth cohort study were assessed by three-dimensional photonic scanner, traditional anthropometry and dual X-ray absorptiometry. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed on height and 24 photonic scan variables (circumferences, lengths/widths, volumes and surface areas).Results:PCA identified four independent components of children's body shape and size, which we termed: Corpulence, Central:peripheral ratio, Height and arm lengths, and Shoulder diameter. Corpulence showed strong correlations with traditional anthropometric and body composition measures (r>0.90 with weight, BMI, waist circumference and fat mass; r>0.70 with height, lean mass and bone mass); in contrast, the other three components showed weak or moderate correlations with those measures (all r<0.45). There was no sex difference in Corpulence, but boys had higher Central:peripheral ratio, Height and arm lengths and Shoulder diameter values than girls. Furthermore, children with low birth weight had lower Corpulence and Height and arm lengths but higher Central:peripheral ratio and Shoulder diameter than other children. Children from high socio-economic position (SEP) families had higher Corpulence and Height and arm lengths than other children. Finally, white children had higher Corpulence and Central:peripheral ratio than mixed or black children.Conclusions:Comprehensive assessment by three-dimensional photonic scanning identified components of childhood body shape and size not captured by traditional anthropometry or body composition measures. Differences in these novel components by sex, birth weight, SEP and skin colour may indicate their potential relevance to disease risks.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Body shape and size in 6-year old children: assessment by three-dimensional photonic scanning

et al. 2016

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“…Two studies (mean quality assessment: 8) with 1,970 children provided data on the percentage of body fat and were included in the meta-analysis. No significant difference was observed between preterm and term children at age 4 to 7 (SMD -3.057; 95% CI [-8.736, 2.621]; p = 0.291) [44,45]).…”

Section: Research Question 1: What Is the Impact Of Ga On The Risk Ofmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Five studies, with a mean quality assessment of 8 points, consisted of 668 childrenprovided data on the fat mass index and were included in the meta-analysis. No statistical difference was found between preterm and term infants in fat mass index assessed at age 4 to 7 (standardized mean difference (SMD -1.31; 95% CI [-5.42, 2.81]; p = 0.535; Fig 3D) [42][43][44][45][46]. Separate subgroup analyses based on whether the study outcomes were measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) still revealed no significance between preterm and term andin childhood fat mass index (SMD -2.431; 95% CI [-10.198, 5.336]; p = 0.54 [42,45,46])( Childhood the percentage body fat and preterm status.…”

Section: Research Question 1: What Is the Impact Of Ga On The Risk Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerated weight gain, prematurity, and the risk of childhood obesity: A meta-analysis and systematic review

Ou‐Yang¹,

Sun²,

Liebowitz³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature was to analyze and evaluate the impact of prematurity and accelerated weight gain on the risk of childhood and adolescent obesity. CINAHL, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were searched until December 2019 which yielded 19 studies with a total of 169,439 children enrolled were systematically reviewed. The results revealed that preterm infants had a greater likelihood of childhood obesity (defined as BMI �95 th percentile for age-sex), than term infants (OR = 1.19, 95% CI [1.13, 1.26]). However, no difference of childhood obesity was found between "small for gestational age"(SGA) and "appropriate for gestational age"(AGA) among preterms. Accelerated weight gain (defined as weight gain velocity during first two years after birth) significantly increased the likelihood of subsequent childhood obesity among preterms (aOR = 1.87, 95% CI [1.57, 2.231]). In conclusion, accelerated weight gain at infancy among preterm children may be a critical contributor to obesity in later life. Establishing optimal growth trajectories and timely referral to health care providers may be of clinical importance.

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“…Of those, 48 investigated associations between SEP and childhood body composition. A search of papers from key studies resulted in two further papers in children being identified, bringing the total number of included papers to 50 [ 18 , 29 – 77 ]. The selection process, as outlined in the PRISMA flow chart, is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic position and body composition in childhood in high- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and narrative synthesis

et al. 2021

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Background The relation between socioeconomic position (SEP) and obesity measured by body mass index (BMI), a measure of weight for height, has been extensively reviewed in children, showing consistent associations between disadvantaged SEP and higher BMI in high-income countries (HICs) and lower BMI in middle-income countries (MICs). Fat mass (FM), a more accurate measure of adiposity, and fat-free mass (FFM) are not captured by BMI, but have been shown to track from childhood to adulthood, and be important for cardiovascular health and functional outcomes in later life. It is not clear whether body composition is associated with SEP. We systematically reviewed the association between SEP and body composition in childhood. Methods A systematic review was carried out following PRISMA guidelines. The protocol was pre-registered with PROSPERO (CRD42019119937). Original studies in the English language, which examined the association between SEP and body composition in childhood, were included. An electronic search of three databases was conducted. Two independent reviewers carried out screening, data extraction and quality assessment. Due to heterogeneity in results, a narrative synthesis was conducted. Heterogeneity in findings according to SEP, sex, body composition measure and country income level was investigated. Results 50 papers were included, the majority from HICs. No papers were from low-income countries. Disadvantage in childhood was associated with greater FM and lower FFM in HICs, but with lower FM and lower FFM in MICs. When measures of FFM indexed to height were used there was no evidence of associations with SEP. In HICs, more studies reported associations between disadvantaged SEP and higher FM among girls comparative to boys. Conclusions Inequalities in FM are evident in HICs and, in the opposite direction, in MICs and follow similar trends to inequalities for BMI. Inequalities in height are likely important in understanding inequalities in FFM.

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Body composition assessment using DXA in six-year-old children: the 2004 Pelotas Birth Cohort, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil

Abstract: The aim of this study was to describe fat (FM) and lean body mass (LBM)

Cited by 7 publications

References 34 publications

Body shape and size in 6-year old children: assessment by three-dimensional photonic scanning

Body shape and size in 6-year old children: assessment by three-dimensional photonic scanning

Accelerated weight gain, prematurity, and the risk of childhood obesity: A meta-analysis and systematic review

Socioeconomic position and body composition in childhood in high- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and narrative synthesis

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