Effectiveness of motivational interviewing in smoking groups in primary healthcare: a community-based randomized cluster trial

Abstract

Smoking is the main cause of avoidable death and a major public health problem worldwide, with primary healthcare being a strategic setting for treating this problem. Aims: to evaluate the effectiveness of motivational interviewing associated with the cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in smoking groups in primary healthcare. A community-based cluster randomized clinical trial was conducted in Brazil, starting in July 2016. Professionals in the test group were trained in motivational interviewing for eight hours to associate it with the CBT. The usual treatment for smoking cessation in groups consists of four structured weekly sessions of 90 minutes each using a CBT. Taylor’s linearization was used to correct the p-values; the chi-square test with Pearson correlation was used for categorical variables, and analysis of variance as well as the Student t-test were used for continuous variables. In total, 44 smoking groups were conducted, totaling 329 patients (178 in the motivational interviewing group and 151 in the control group). The smoking cessation rate with motivational interviewing was 61.8%, with RR = 1.25 (95%CI: 1.01-1.54, p = 0.043), and 47.7% in the control group, in the fourth weekly group treatment session. Mean session attendance was 3.1 (95%CI: 2.9-3.3) in the motivational interviewing group and 2.9 (95%CI: 2.5-3.4) in the control group. The completion rate for the motivational interviewing group was 65.2% and for the control group, 57.6%. Motivational interviewing associated with the CBT was shown to be effective and superior to only CBT to smoking cessation in groups in the fourth weekly session and for the population profile of the study (women with an average age of 50.6 years).

Boosting self-efficacy and improving practices for smoking prevention and cessation among South American cancer care providers with a web-based algorithm

“…Over the years, various smoking prevention and cessation decision guides and algorithms have been developed and used by HCPs and CCPs in the LATAM region [ 24 – 26 ]. However, these guides and algorithms are in static paper-and-pen form, with none digitalized for the HCPs’ use.…”

“…For example, in the smartphone market, over 500 digitalized mobile-based smoking cessation algorithms are available in smartphone applications (apps) where the end user is the patient interested in quitting smoking [ 22 ], with only one built exclusively for healthcare providers [ 23 ]. There have been reports of some paper-and-pen-based smoking cessation decisional guides and algorithms accessible for HCPs and CCPs in the LATAM region [ 24 – 26 ], but none have been reported to be digitalized.…”

Short-term effectiveness of the national German quitline for smoking cessation: results of a randomized controlled trial

“…Moreover, although the self-help brochure also followed CBT principles, CBT has been demonstrated to yield more substantial effects when supplemented with guidance, for example from a counsellor [44,45]. Lastly, a comprehensive approach that combines elements of CBT and MI has been shown to be more effective in supporting smoking cessation compared to solely using CBT [46]. The current result aligns with prior research, indicating that proactive telephone counselling for smoking cessation yields greater abstinence rates when compared to minimal intervention controls [10].…”

Impact of a Maternal Motivational Interviewing on Oral Health in the Mother-Child Dyad

“…However, sometimes, time and infrastructure conditions do not allow it. Thus, group implementation has been a strategy to follow and has been implemented before to control alcohol and tobacco consumption [ 24 , 25 ]. Group interventions with MI increase the development of cognitive changes and reduce high-risk behaviors.…”