Diferenciais de Rendimentos entre Raças e Gêneros, nas Regiões Metropolitanas, por Níveis Ocupacionais: uma análise através do pareamento de Ñopo

Mariano, Francisca Zilania; Costa, Edward Martins; Guimarães, Daniel Barboza; Sousa, Daniel Tomaz de

doi:10.1590/0101-41614815137fedd

Cited by 15 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The returns of the gender variable female and the nonwhite race variable, in general, corroborate the literature on income differential, pointing out negative coefficients, except for some values in the lower and upper quantiles of the income distribution that were positive, specifically in the rural–urban workers. Among other authors who show “discrimination” of income by sex and race are: Moraes (2005), Mattos and Machado (2006), Bartalotti and Leme (2007), Machado et al (2008), Mariano et al (2016) and Pereira and Oliveira (2016). As for the return of activities, it is observed, for the year 2005, in the three groups of workers, there was no well-defined trend in the quantiles.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Migration of labor: differential of income between rural and urban trade union workers in Brazil

Lima

Costa

Mariano

et al. 2020

JES

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PurposeThe objective of this work was to analyze the income differential of the rural–urban worker in relation to the rural–rural worker and in relation to the urban–urban worker in the Brazilian labor market. Two databases were used, the 2005 and 2015 PNADs (Pesquisa Nacional Por Amostra de Domicílios).Design/methodology/approachThe methodology is the decomposition approach proposed by Firpo et al. (2007, 2009). This method adopts estimates of unconditional quantile regressions, based on the concepts of influence function and recentered influence function (RIF).FindingsAmong the main results, income differentials were shown to benefit the urban–urban worker when compared to the rural–urban worker, and income differences to the benefit of the rural–urban workers, when these were compared to the rural–rural workers. The educational variable was relevant in explaining the income disparity and expressing increasing effects in the higher quantiles.Originality/valueThe methodology used in this work is considered recent in the literature as it is based on the RIF regression (Firpo et al., 2007, 2009). The main advantage of this method is the possibility of assigning a “composition effect” and a “wage structure effect” for each variable that determines the level of income at different points of the income distribution.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Migration of labor: differential of income between rural and urban trade union workers in Brazil

Lima

Costa

Mariano

et al. 2020

JES

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“…A steady stream of research since Silva (1978Silva ( , 1980Silva ( , 1985 and Oliveira, Porcaro, and Araújo (1981) has shown that the unexplained wage gaps between whites and nonwhites in Brazil are similar to those in the U.S., despite differences in the historical background and legal setting. 5 Several studies have shown that the gaps are especially large at the top of the distribution, pointing to the scarcity of nonwhites in high-paying industries and occupations (Soares, 2000;Henriques, 2001;Campante, Crespo, and Leite, 2004;Chadarevian, 2011;Mariano et al, 2018). Similar patterns have been documented in other Latin American countries (e.g., Nopo, 2012).…”

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confidence: 74%

Assortative Matching or Exclusionary Hiring? The Impact of Firm Policies on Racial Wage Differences in Brazil

et al. 2018

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A growing body of research shows that firms' employment and wage-setting policies contribute to wage inequality and pay disparities between groups. We measure the effects of these policies on racial pay differences in Brazil. We find that nonwhites are less likely to work at establishments that pay more to all race groups, a pattern that explains about 20% of the white-nonwhite wage gap for both genders. The pay premiums offered by different employers are also compressed for nonwhites relative to whites, contributing another 5% of the overall gap. We then ask how much of the under-representation of nonwhites at higher-paying workplaces is due to the selective skill mix at these establishments. Using a counterfactual based on the observed skill distribution at each establishment and the nonwhite shares in different skill groups in the local labor market, we conclude that assortative matching accounts for about twothirds of the under-representation gap for both men and women. The remainder reflects an unexplained preference for white workers at higher-paying establishments. The wage losses associated with unexplained sorting and differential wage setting are largest for nonwhites with the highest levels of general skills, suggesting that the allocative costs of race-based preferences may be relatively large in Brazil. * We are grateful to Dario Fonseca and Samira Noronha for excellent research assistance, including reviewing case law on labor market discrimination in Brazil, and to seminar participants at Bocconi University,

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“…Under another scientific methodology for the study of wage inequalities, Mariano et al (2018) used the Ñopo pairing with 2014 PNAD data for metropolitan regions of Brazil and found a wage gap in favor of men and whites.…”

Section: Salary Inequalities Theories and Methods: A Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wage gap decomposition models: A methodological contribution

Gomes

Souza

Mantovani

et al. 2020

Brazilian Review of Econometrics

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This article aims to introduce a methodological contribution to the wage decomposition, from the traditional decomposition of Oaxaca–Blinder. Specifically, we review the usual wage decomposition models and proposes a new technique that do not choose an advantage/disadvantage group in advance, a solution to the index problem, one of the most present criticisms in the decomposition salary of Oaxaca–Blinder. It is based on the analysis of the current wages of the analyzed groups, and not on the impacts of the income that the individuals should have, as usually appears in the models of decomposition. It applies the gender wage decomposition procedures in the Brazilian labor market, under the different approaches, from the microdata of the PNAD of 2015, which confirm the wage differences and discrimination between men and women. Finally, this article contributes to the decision on empirical strategies in the field of wage inequalities and, particularly, their interpretation.

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Diferenciais de Rendimentos entre Raças e Gêneros, nas Regiões Metropolitanas, por Níveis Ocupacionais: uma análise através do pareamento de Ñopo

Cited by 15 publications

References 10 publications

Migration of labor: differential of income between rural and urban trade union workers in Brazil

Migration of labor: differential of income between rural and urban trade union workers in Brazil

Assortative Matching or Exclusionary Hiring? The Impact of Firm Policies on Racial Wage Differences in Brazil

Wage gap decomposition models: A methodological contribution

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