Profile of thoracic trauma victims submitted to chest drainage

Abstract

Objective: to describe and compare the variables involved in trauma victims undergoing thoracic drainage. Methods: we conducted a retrospective, analytical, descriptive, cross-sectional study, with medical records of patients attended at the Trauma Service of the Curitiba Evangelical University Hospital between February 2011 and January 2014. Results: there were 488 patients undergoing chest drainage, 84.7% men and 15.3% women, with an average age of 38.2 years. Attendances usually occurred at night, without predominance between open or closed mechanism, gender or age group. The majority of patients with thoracic trauma requiring drainage were diagnosed by anamnesis and physical examination (41.1%) and drained in the emergency room (80.8%). Most of the patients (66.2%) had another associated lesion, mostly some abdominal viscera. Complications were present in 16.6% (81 patients), most of them due to drainage positioning error (9.2%). The mean hospital stay was 15 days and drainage lasted for an average of 8.1 days, with no statistical difference between open and closed trauma. The clinical outcome was discharge in most cases. Conclusion: the profile of patients with thoracic trauma is that of young men, attended at night, with some other associated lesion. Although diagnosis and treatment were rapid and most often without the need for complex examinations, the time of drainage, hospitalization and complications were higher than in the literature, which can be explained by the drainage being made at the Emergency Room and the presence of associated injuries.

Perfil epidemiológico do trauma torácico em um hospital referência da Foz do Rio Itajaí.

“…There was a dissonance in relation to other studies performed in Goiania and São Paulo, which showed a greater incidence of penetrating injuries 4,21 . The most common mechanism of blunt TT was car accidents involving motorcycles (39.6%), in concordance with medical literature 3,20,22,27 . The second more prevalent cause were falls, a mechanism that predominates among the elderly, with 66.6% of the events in this age range.…”

“…As well as in our research, other studies [21][22][23] showed rib fractures as the most preponderant lesions in closed TT. With regard to injuries caused by open trauma, hemopneumothorax was the most frequent finding (46.1%), as found by Souza et al 4 and Broska Junior et al 20 , but divergent from Scapolan et al 21…”

“…As to approach, Broska Junior et al 20 state, in their study, that in 41.1% of cases the association of anamnesis and physical examination were sufficient to reach a diagnosis, chest X-ray being used in 31.8% of the events and CT scans in 26.5% of them. However, our research showed that only 2.5% of the cases did not need complementary examinations to confirm a suspected condition.…”

“…TT is considered a globally neglected disease and, besides being a financial hindrance to public health, it is also an economic and social welfare problem, since it involves mainly young adults, and is a significant cause of morbimortality and incapacity among the economically active population 19 . We can notice in medical literature a similarity of profiles in TT victims, regarding gender and age that are mostly striken 4,[20][21][22][23] . This data suggests that men are more exposed to traumatic 28 which shows that cases with a greater potential for morbimortality were cared for precociously.…”

O uso da tomografia computadorizada na triagem da lesão cardíaca penetrante.

“…Penetrating heart injuries represent a significant mortality cause, and can be challenging either from the therapeutic or the diagnostic point of view, since they can be asymptomatic or oligosymptomatic for a variable period after a trauma occurs 6,11,14 . Most studies show that young men are the most struck by penetrating heart injuries, which is in consonance with our outcomes 5,7,8,[14][15][16][17][18] .…”