Diagrammatic scale of severity for postharvest black rot (Ceratocystis paradoxa) in coconut palm fruits

Santos, Pedro Henrique Dias dos; Mussi‐Dias, Vicente; Freire, Maria das Graças Machado; Carvalho, Beatriz Murizini; Silveira, Silvaldo Felipe da

doi:10.1590/0100-5405/170792

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…These v within this vari entage of estim n this range wa n the percenta ompared to G1 2019 onas s) in (D); he on. In ue for (G3) alues ation mates as not ge of 1 and The presence of absolute errors is common in visual estimates of severity, and its reduction is indispensable in disease quantification (Ortega-Acosta, Velasco-Cruz, Hernández-Morales, Ochoa-Martínez, & Hernández-Ruiz, 2016;Santos et al, 2017). The absolute error values obtained in the SADs-aided evaluations may be considered suitable since more than 91% were concentrated within the acceptable range of 10% (Tomerlin & Howell, 1988;Nutter & Worlwitlikit, 1989).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these keys are prone to high subjectivity and do not allow adjusting the visual acuity when evaluating the severity levels (Campbell & Madden, 1990). As a consequence, the precise quantification of the injured area is impaired (Santos, Mussi-Dias, Freire, Carvalho, & Silveira, 2017). Conversely, diagrammatic scales or standard area diagram sets (SADs), which are reference images representing several severity levels, provide more accurate, precise, and reliable assessments than other methods (Pethybridge & Melson, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Standard Area Diagram Set for Bacterial Spot Quantification in Entire-Margined Leaves of Sour Passion Fruit

Costa¹,

Peixoto²,

Blum³

et al. 2019

JAS

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This study developed and validated a standard area diagram set (SADs) to aid in the estimation of bacterial spot (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. passiflorae) severity in entire-margined leaves of sour passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims). The SADs consisted of eight severity levels (3; 6; 12; 25; 50; 77, and 88%). For its validation, 20 raters, who initially estimated the disease severity without the aid of the SADs, were divided into groups (G1 and G3, inexperienced; G2 and G4, experienced). Subsequently, G1 and G2 performed the second evaluation without the SADs, and G3 and G4 completed the second evaluation using the proposed SADs. The accuracy and precision of the assessments were determined by simple linear regression and by the Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient. The increase in accuracy was confirmed by the 80% constant error-free estimates (G3 and G4) and 100% (G3) and 80% (G4) systematic error-free estimates when the SADs was used. Precision increased with the increase in the coefficient of determination, the reduction in absolute errors, and the increase in the reproducibility of the estimates between pairs of raters. Inexperienced raters benefited the most from the use of the SADs. The increase in the accuracy and precision in the non-aided groups, when present, was less pronounced than those increments observed in the SADs-aided groups. The Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient confirmed the increased accuracy and precision detected by the linear regression analysis and indicated increased agreement between the estimated and actual values of disease severity in the SADs-aided groups.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standard Area Diagram Set for Bacterial Spot Quantification in Entire-Margined Leaves of Sour Passion Fruit

Costa¹,

Peixoto²,

Blum³

et al. 2019

JAS

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“…The septoriosis quantification in sour passion fruit has been performed by descriptive scales (Kudo et al, 2012, Vilela, 2013, Castro, 2015. These scales are subjective, not permitting the visual acuity adjustment in assessing severity levels (Campbell & Madden, 1990), impairing the accurate quantification of the injured area (Santos et al, 2017). On the other hand, diagrammatic scales or standard area diagram sets (SADs) not only improve the accuracy and the precision of disease evaluations, but also demonstrate significant improvements in the visual estimates of severity (Damasceno et al, 2014;De Paula et al, 2016;Santos et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These scales are subjective, not permitting the visual acuity adjustment in assessing severity levels (Campbell & Madden, 1990), impairing the accurate quantification of the injured area (Santos et al, 2017). On the other hand, diagrammatic scales or standard area diagram sets (SADs) not only improve the accuracy and the precision of disease evaluations, but also demonstrate significant improvements in the visual estimates of severity (Damasceno et al, 2014;De Paula et al, 2016;Santos et al, 2017). Thus, they are valuable tools in breeding programs, whose success is achieved depending on the exact and accurate use of quantification methods of disease severity and selection of resistant materials (Librelon et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standard area diagram set for quantification of septoriosis in fruit of sour passion fruit

Costa¹,

Peixoto²,

Blum³

et al. 2019

Agraria

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A standard area diagram set (SADs) for severity evaluation of septoriosis (Septoria passiflorae) in fruit of sour passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims) was developed and validated in this study. The SADs presented eight severity levels (0.3; 0.5; 1; 2; 4; 10; 18; and 30%). For its validation, 20 raters were divided into groups (G1 and G3, inexperienced; G2 and G4, experienced) who initially estimated the disease severity without the aid of the SADs. Subsequently, G1 and G2 performed the second evaluation without the SADs, and G3 and G4 completed the second evaluation with the proposed SADs for each disease. The accuracy and precision of the evaluations were determined by simple linear regression and by Lin's concordance correlation coefficient. The proposed SADs allowed accurate and precise quantification of septoriosis severity, increasing the agreement between estimated and actual values. The increase in accuracy and precision in the non-aided groups, when present, was less pronounced than those increments observed in the SADs-aided groups. Lin's concordance correlation coefficient confirmed the increases in accuracy and precision detected by the linear regression analysis.Escala diagramática para a quantificação da severidade da septoriose em frutos do maracujazeiro azedo RESUMO: Uma escala diagramática para a avaliação da severidade da septoriose (Septoria passiflorae) em frutos do maracujazeiro azedo (Passiflora edulis Sims) foi desenvolvida e validada neste estudo. A escala diagramática apresentou oito níveis de severidade (0,3; 0,5; 1; 2; 4; 10; 18; e 30%). Para a sua validação, os 20 avaliadores foram divididos em grupos (G1 e G3, sem experiência; G2 e G4, com experiência), que inicialmente estimaram a severidade da doença sem auxílio da escala. Posteriormente, G1 e G2 fizeram outra avaliação sem escala, e G3 e G4 realizaram a avaliação com a escala proposta. A acurácia e a precisão das estimativas foram determinadas por regressão linear simples e pelo coeficiente de correlação de concordância de Lin. A escala diagramática proposta permitiu quantificar a severidade da septoriose de forma acurada e precisa, aumentando a concordância entre os valores estimados e os reais. O aumento da acurácia e precisão nos grupos que realizaram dupla avaliação sem escala, quando ocorreu, foi mais discreto que os incrementos observados nos grupos que utilizaram a escala. A análise de concordância de Lin confirmou os incrementos da acurácia e precisão detectados pela análise de regressão linear. Palavras-chave: frutos; Passiflora edulis Sims; fitopatometria; Septoria passifloraeStandard area diagram set for quantification of septoriosis in fruit of sour passion fruit Rev. Bras.

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“…Descriptive scales have been used to assess some diseases occurring in sour passion fruit aiming to obtain resistant cultivars in breeding programs (Batistti, Krause, Baréa, Araujo, & Palú, 2013; Kudo, Peixoto, Junqueira, & Blum, 2012; Viana, Pires, Peixoto, Junqueira, & Blum, 2014). This type of evaluation is subjective and does not enable fitting the visual acuity when assessing the diseased plant tissue (Campbell & Madden, 1990; Santos, Mussi‐Dias, Freire, Carvalho, & Silveira, 2017). Therefore, SADs can be an essential tool to aid accuracy and reliable estimates of disease severity during disease quantification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standard area diagrams to assess scab severity of entire‐margined leaves of sour passion fruit

Brás

Rios

Silva

et al. 2020

Journal of Phytopathology

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Scab caused by the Cladosporium cladosporioides complex is one of the most important diseases affecting passion fruit yield and fruit quality. Standard area diagrams are useful tools to improve the accuracy and reliability of the estimates of disease severity in many pathosystems. The interpretation of the accuracy of the resulting disease data may be the basis for providing better disease management. This study aimed to develop and validate standard area diagrams (SADs) to quantify scab severity of entire‐margined leaves of sour passion fruit plants. The SADs are composed of ten images of scab severity values (0.4%, 3.5%, 5.4%, 8.0%, 11.1%, 16.2%, 26.1%, 38.2%, 47.9% and 58.9%). Twenty raters (ten experienced and ten inexperienced ones) evaluated the SADs. The raters estimated the same set of fifty images twice. In the examination, the SADs were used, while in the second examination, they were not used. Accuracy was significantly improved by using the SADs. The coefficients of bias (Cb) were 0.96 and 0.98 for the experienced raters and 0.75 and 0.98 for the inexperienced raters without and with SADs, respectively. The correlation coefficient (r) values were 0.95 and 0.97 for the experienced raters and 0.89 and 0.97 for the inexperienced raters without and with the use of the SADs, respectively. Lin's concordance correlation coefficient (ρc) values were 0.91 and 0.95 for the experienced raters and 0.66 and 0.95 for the inexperienced raters without and with the use of the SADs, respectively. Moreover, the coefficient of determination (R2) significantly improved when the SADs were used. The SADs proposed in this study, if properly used, may improve both the accuracy and reliability during the evaluation of scab severity of entire‐margined leaves of sour passion fruit plants.

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Diagrammatic scale of severity for postharvest black rot (Ceratocystis paradoxa) in coconut palm fruits

Cited by 10 publications

References 11 publications

Standard Area Diagram Set for Bacterial Spot Quantification in Entire-Margined Leaves of Sour Passion Fruit

Standard Area Diagram Set for Bacterial Spot Quantification in Entire-Margined Leaves of Sour Passion Fruit

Standard area diagram set for quantification of septoriosis in fruit of sour passion fruit

Standard area diagrams to assess scab severity of entire‐margined leaves of sour passion fruit

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