Fruit quality and production of yellow and sweet Passion fruits in northern state of São Paulo

Abstract

Abstract-Yield and quality of yellow and sweet passion fruits produced in northern state of São Paulo, Brazil were evaluated, including FB200 Yellow Master, Isla Redondo Amarelo, BRS Rubi do Cerrado, BRS Sol do Cerrado and BRS Gigante Amerelo cultivars, GP09-02, GP09-03, H09-09, H09-14, HFOP-08 and HFOP-09 intraspecific hybrids, and two selections of sweet passion fruits, BGP-DG and BGP-DP. Experimental design was comprised of randomized blocks with 13 treatments, five replicates and three plants per plot. BGP-DG was the sweet passion fruit selected for fresh fruit market as a result of its higher yield (52.7 t ha -1 ) and fruit size and mass (243 g). Among yellow passion fruits, GP09-02 stood out because it showed the highest number of fruits per plant after two years of cultivation, even though GP09-02, H09-09, BRS Sol do Cerrado, Isla Redondo Amarelo and FB200 had also presented higher juice content, on average 32.3%, and equivalent accumulated fruit yield. All fruits had high soluble solids contents, with higher concentration for sweet passion fruits (20.0 °Brix) than yellow passion fruits (average of 14.28 °Brix). These cultivars, hybrids and selections have potential for cultivation in northern state of São Paulo and in regions with similar edaphoclimatic conditions. Index terms: Passiflora edulis, P. alata, horticultural performance, juice content, variety selection. Qualidade de frutos e produção de maracujazeirosamarelos e doces no Norte de São PauloResumo-Avaliaram-se produção e qualidade de frutos de maracujazeiros-amarelos e doces na região norte do Estado de São Paulo, incluindo-se as cultivares FB200 Yellow Master, Isla Redondo Amarelo, BRS Rubi do Cerrado, BRS Sol do Cerrado e BRS Gigante Amarelo, os hibridos intraespecíficos de maracujazeiro-amarelo GP09-02, GP09-03, H09-09, H09-14, HFOP-08 e HFOP-09, e duas seleções de maracujazeiro-doce, BGP-DG e BGP-DP. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com 13 tratamentos, cinco repetições e três plantas na parcela. O maracujazeiro-doce BGP-DG foi selecionado para mercado de frutas frescas, em função da elevada produtividade (52,7 t ha -1 ) e da maior massa e tamanho de fruto (243 g). Entre os maracujazeiros-amarelos, o híbrido GP09-02 destacou-se pelo maior número acumulado de frutos por planta, em dois anos de cultivo, embora GP09-02, H09-09, BRS Sol do Cerrado, Isla Redondo Amarelo e FB200 tenham apresentado maior rendimento de suco, em média 32,3%, e produtividade acumulada por área semelhante. Todos os frutos apresentaram elevada concentração de sólidos solúveis, maior nos maracujás-doces (20,0 °Brix) em relação aos amarelos (média de 14,28 °Brix). Essas cultivares, híbridos e seleções apresentam potencial de cultivo no norte do Estado de São Paulo e em regiões com condições edafoclimáticas similares. Termos para indexação: Passiflora edulis, P. alata, desempenho horticultural, seleção de variedades, rendimento de suco.

Yield and Physical Quality of the Yellow Passion Fruit under Spacing within Plants and Water Salinity

“…As to the longitudinal diameter, the highest registered value in the first season (89 mm) was equal to the remainder of season 2, in which they are similar to the highest value obtained by Jesus et al [26], when they evaluated yellow and sweet passion fruit plants in Bebedouro, São Paulo state, Brazil. The hybrid GP09-02 produced fruits with maximum longitudinal diameter of 90 mm, and the similarity with the value obtained by the 'Guinezinho' accession irrigated with saline water draws atention to the ability of the genotype in producing quality fruits in restrictive conditions of water for irrigation.…”

Quality of the Pulp of Passion Fruit Produced in the Brazilian Savanna

“…This characteristic is very important for fruits destined to the industry, allowing the reduction of acidifiers in the processing (Aguiar et al, 2015). Jesus et al (2018), evaluating fruits of the cultivar FB 200 in the state of São Paulo obtained 4.92% of citric acid, and the high acidity of the pulp guarantees a longer life at the time of processing. Lower acidity levels were observed in yellow passion fruit fruits produced in the São Francisco Valley by Silva et al (2016a), where 3.7% of citric acid was obtained.…”

“…The soluble solids content is a very important characteristic because it determines the amount of sugars present in the fruits (Morais et al, 2017). According to Jesus et al (2018), fruits destined for the processing must have soluble solids content around 13 °Brix, and the authors obtained 15 °Brix for fruits of the cultivar FB 200. Silva et al (2016a), found values of 12.9 °Brix for fruits of yellow passion fruit.…”

“…It is a native species of South America, in which Brazil leads the ranking of the world's largest producer, followed by countries like Colombia, Peru and Ecuador (Coelho, Oliveira, Resende, & Thiébaut, 2011). It presents a socioeconomic appeal for the widespread use of family labor, being much cultivated by small producers (Jesus, Carvalho, Girardi, Rosa, & Jesus, 2018). acidity levels are preferred.…”

“…Currently, Brazil produces 14 tons ha -1 year -1 of fruits, much lower than the productive potential of this species, which is around 40 tons ha -1 , due to the lack of cultivars adapted to the climatic conditions of the region (Jesus et al, 2018). It is necessary to obtain commercial cultivars adapted to fruit producing regions to improve fruit quality and increase yield (Aguiar et al, 2015).…”