Diseases Incidence and Fungicide Cost Reduction With Overhead Covered Grapes

Abstract

-An alternative to control diseases on the grapevine is the use of plastic overhead cover. The cost of developing a vineyard is a relevant factor in the use of plastic overhead cover and will be directly linked to the cost of pest control. The aim of this study was to establish criteria for the use of fungicides in vine plants with plastic overhead cover compared to conventional farming in order to reduce the number and cost of application. The experiment was conducted in the 2010/2011 crop year in Viamão -RS, using the Cabernet Sauvignon cultivar grafted on Paulsen 1103 in "Y Shape" trained, with 1.80 x 2.50 m spacing. The following treatments were evaluated: Treatment 1: plastic overhead cover: phytosanitary treatment applied when leaf wetting was observed; Treatment 2: plastic overhead cover: curative treatment, when there were symptoms of disease in shoots; Treatment 3: plastic overhead cover: conventional calendar treatment every 15 days, with reapplication after leaf wetting and Treatment 4: without plastic overhead cover: conventional calendar treatment every 15 days, with reapplication after leaf wetting. The lowest number of applications was observed in treatment where the criteria for fungicide applications was only when symptoms were visualized and the greater number of applications was in the area without plastic overhead cover with conventional treatment, affecting the application cost, but without reflecting in higher productivity. The highest incidence of downy mildew was observed in treatment 4. It was concluded that it is possible to reduce the number of applications and the fungicide cost for disease control using plastic overhead cover. Moreover, this management may provide less contact with chemicals during crop and reduce chemical wastes in the environment and in the harvested product. Index Terms: Plasticulture, Vitis vinifera, fungal diseases. INCIDÊNCIA DE DOENÇAS E REDUÇÃO DE CUSTOS COM FUNGICIDASUTILIZANDO COBERTURA PLÁSTICA EM VIDEIRA RESUMO -Uma das alternativas para o controle de doenças da parte aérea na videira é a utilização de cobertura plástica. O custo de implantação de um vinhedo é um fator relevante na utilização de cobertura plástica e estará diretamente associado ao custo do controle fitossanitário. Assim, o objetivo do trabalho foi estabelecer critério para uso de fungicidas em plantas de videira com cobertura plástica em comparação ao cultivo convencional a fim de reduzir o número e o custo de aplicação. O experimento foi realizado no ciclo vegetativo de 2010/2011, em Viamão -RS, com a cultivar Cabernet Sauvignon enxertada Paulsen 1103, em sistema de sustentação ípsilon "Y" com espaçamento 1,80x2,50 m. Foram avaliados os seguintes tratamentos: Tratamento 1: com cobertura plástica: tratamento fitossanitário aplicado quando houvesse molhamento foliar; Tratamento 2: com cobertura plástica: tratamento fitossanitário curativo, ou seja, quando houvesse sintoma de doenças na parte aérea; Tratamento 3: com cobertura plástica: tratamento fitossanitário convencional de cal...

Pyramiding of resistance alleles to grape powdery mildew assisted by molecular markers

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