DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPACIAL DO BICHO-FURÃO,Gymnandrosoma aurantiana (Lima, 1927)(LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE),EM CITROS UTILIZANDO GEOESTATÍSTICA

Abstract

RESUmO -o bicho-furão, Gymnandrosoma aurantiana (lima, 1927), é uma das principais pragas da citricultura brasileira, pois os frutos atacados pelas lagartas tornam-se inviáveis para o consumo in natura e processamento industrial. objetivou-se estudar a distribuição espacial dos danos causados por G. aurantiana utilizando geoestatística. Para tanto, foi conduzido um experimento em um pomar de laranjeira-doce da variedade 'valência', enxertado sobre limoeiro 'Cravo', localizado em Taquaritinga-SP, Brasil. a área foi dividida em 88 parcelas, sendo cada parcela formada por 30 plantas dispostas em três linhas de 10 plantas, e em seguida foi obtido o número de frutos atacados para os anos de 2007 e 2008. a distribuição dos frutos atacados pela praga foi agregada ao longo das avaliações, com variância maior que a média para todas as amostragens. os dados apresentaram ajuste adequado segundo o modelo esférico, e o alcance da dependência espacial (a) variou entre 40,66 e 135,40 m. a estimativa de frutos atacados nas áreas não amostradas foi obtida pela krigagem, e os principais focos da praga foram observados nas parcelas próximas aos limites da área experimental. Termos para indexação: krigagem, mariposa, reboleira, semivariograma. SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF CITRUS FRUIT BORER, Gymnandrosoma aurantiana (LImA, 1927) (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE), ON CITRUS By USING GEOSTATISTICSABSTRACT -The citrus fruit borer, Gymnandrosoma aurantiana (lima, 1927), is one of the most important pests of citrus in Brazil, mainly because the larvae render the fruit useless for both fresh consumption and industrial processing. it was aimed to study the spatial distribution of fruits attacked by G. aurantiana using geostatistics. Thus, an experiment was carried out in a 'valencia' sweet orange orchard, located in the municipality of Taquaritinga, state of São Paulo, Brazil. The experimental area was divided into 88 sampling units, consisting of 30 plants (three rows x ten plants), and then it was recorded the number of fruits attacked by G. aurantiana in 2007 and 2008. The spatial distribution of attacked fruits was aggregated for both sampling periods, and the variance was greater than the mean for all samplings. The data showed proper adjustment to the spherical model, and the range of spatial dependence (a) varied from 40.66 to 135.40 m. kriging was used in order to estimate the attacked fruits at not sampled sites, and it was shown that the damage was mainly done at the sampling units that were near the border of the experimental field.

Spatial and temporal distribution of Opsiphanes invirae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in oil palm, Pará State, Brazil

“…These authors concluded that almost 100% of the variable obtained better adaptation to the spherical model, in comparison to the other models tested. A similar result was also found by Carvalho et al (2015). These authors found that the spherical model was the one that better adjusted the infestation of Gymnandrosoma aurantiana larvae (Lima, 1927) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in citrus orchards for all evaluations.…”

Spatial and temporal distribution of South American fruit fly in vineyards

“…In the case of leaf-cutting ants Atta spp., the dominant influence of some soil characteristics (aeration and humidity, for example) favor the development and survival of the ant's colony, which results in the nest's aggregation. Carvalho et al (2015) report that fruits attacked by G. aurantiana are distributed in aggregate form in the citrus orchard, as observed for M. hemipterus in oil palm Elaeis guineensis plantation (Dionisio et al, 2015).…”

“…The PNE was also observed in other insect species, Atta spp. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Eucalyptus forest (Lasmar et al, 2012), Gymnandrosoma aurantiana (Lima, 1927) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in the citrus orchard (Carvalho et al, 2015) and Metamasius hemipterus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in oil palm field (Dionisio et al, 2015). In the case of leaf-cutting ants Atta spp., the dominant influence of some soil characteristics (aeration and humidity, for example) favor the development and survival of the ant's colony, which results in the nest's aggregation.…”

First Report of Gymnandrosoma aurantianum (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Pecan in Brazil

“…Twenty phytophagous insects have been identified that feed on pecan plants, 3 of which are common in North America where this species is indigenous: Phylloxera devastatrix Pergande and Phylloxera notabilis Pergande (both Hemiptera: Phylloxeridae), and Gymnandrosoma aurantiana is known in Brazil as the citrus fruit borer, and became a key pest by the end of the 1980s, when larval injuries on fruits became serious damage, and compromised the use of fruits for industry or for consumption in natura, resulting in loss of production up to 50% (Prates 1992;Parra et al 2004;Carvalho et al 2015). This led to research efforts aimed at lowering losses, and basic studies on biology, rearing techniques, monitoring, and use of egg parasitoids, which resulted in parameters for G. aurantiana pest management, particularly in the state of São Paulo, the largest citrus producer in Brazil (Garcia & Parra 1999;Vilela et al 2001;Parra et al 2004;Bento et al 2006;Molina & Parra 2006).…”