Vertical transmission of maternal COVID-19 antibodies after CoronaVac vaccine: A case report

Menegali, Bruno Thizon; Schuelter‐Trevisol, Fabiana; Barbosa, Alexandre Naime; Izidoro, Talita Menegali; Feurschuette, Otto Henrique May; Marcon, Chaiana Esmeraldino Mendes; Trevisol, Daisson José

doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0385-2021

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 11 publications

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“…Nevertheless, data on the interval of schedules to maximize the passive immunity in newborns and type of vaccines are currently very limited. Only a few studies have been published, including BNT-162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) and mRNA-1273 (Moderna) vaccines [ 12 , 13 , 16 ] and a case report of inactivated virus antigen (CoronaVac ® ) [ 17 ]. The antibody levels were much higher in mothers who had received two doses of an mRNA vaccine than those who received only one dose [ 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Placental Transfer Immunity to the Newborns in a Twin Pregnant Women Vaccinated with Heterologous CoronaVac-ChAdOx1

et al. 2023

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Pregnant women who receive the COVID-19 vaccine develop anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, which can be transferred to the fetus. However, the effectiveness of placental transfer has not been evaluated in twin pregnancy, especially in cases vaccinated with heterologous CoronaVac (Sinovac)—ChAdOx1 (Oxford-AstraZeneca) regimen, which was commonly used in many countries. Case: A 34-year-old Thai woman with a twin pregnancy attended our antenatal care clinic at 21 + 2 weeks of gestation and requested COVID-19 vaccination. Her medical history and physical examination were unremarkable. She had not received COVID-19 vaccination before. Ultrasound screening for fetal anomaly revealed a dichorion diamnion twin pregnancy. Both twins showed no structural anomaly. She received the CoronaVac vaccine at 21 + 2 weeks of gestation without serious side effects and the ChAdOx1 vaccine at 24 + 2 weeks of gestation. Cesarean delivery was performed at 36 + 5 weeks of gestation, giving birth to the two healthy babies. The levels of anti-spike protein IgG levels (BAU/mL) in maternal blood just before delivery and umbilical cord blood of the two newborns were 313.349, 678.219, and 874.853, respectively. The levels of % inhibition (wild-type and delta) in the two newborns were also higher than those in the mother. In conclusion, heterologous CoronaVac-ChAdOx1-S vaccination in a twin pregnancy could effectively provide protective immunity to both twin newborns. The antibody levels in both were approximately two times higher than those in the mothers. This case report may serve as a reference in counseling couples with a twin pregnancy, while the studies on placental transfer of vaccine-derived antibodies in twin pregnancy are currently not available, especially in countries experiencing a vaccine shortage or unavailability of mRNA vaccines.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Placental Transfer Immunity to the Newborns in a Twin Pregnant Women Vaccinated with Heterologous CoronaVac-ChAdOx1

et al. 2023

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Safety and efficacy of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines in women vaccinated during the first trimester of pregnancy

Ma¹,

Gu²,

Shan³

et al. 2023

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Vaccine Protection Through Placenta and Breastfeeding: The Unmet Topic in COVID-19 Pandemic

et al. 2022

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has turned pregnant women’s healthcare into a worldwide public health challenge. Although initial data did not demonstrate pregnancy as a more susceptible period to severe outcomes of acute severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, there are an increasing number of reports showing that not only pregnant women might be at significantly higher risk than non-pregnant women by COVID-19 but also the fetus. These findings may be related to adaptive changes that occur during pregnancy, such as the reduction in the residual respiratory capacity, the decrease in viral immune responses, and the increased risk for thromboembolic events. Additionally, despite the SARS-CoV-2 vertical transmission evidence being uncommon, maternal illness severity might reflect serious perinatal and neonatal outcomes. Thus, protecting the maternal–fetal dyad against COVID-19 is critical. Even though pregnant women initially were excluded from vaccine trials, several studies have provided safety and efficacy of the overall vaccine COVID-19 platforms. Vaccination during pregnancy becomes a priority and can generate benefits for both the mother and newborn: maternal neutralizing antibodies are transmitted through the placenta and breastfeeding. Moreover, regarding passive immunization, human milk contains other bioactive molecules and cells able to modulate the newborn’s immune response, which can be amplified after the vaccine. Nonetheless, many issues remain to be elucidated, considering the magnitude of the protective immunity transferred, the duration of the induced immunity, and the optimal interval for pregnant immunization. In this review, we assessed these unmet topics supported by literature evidence regarding the vaccine’s immunogenicity, pregnancy immune heterogeneity, and the unique human milk antiviral features.

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Vertical transmission of maternal COVID-19 antibodies after CoronaVac vaccine: A case report

Cited by 4 publications

References 11 publications

Placental Transfer Immunity to the Newborns in a Twin Pregnant Women Vaccinated with Heterologous CoronaVac-ChAdOx1

Placental Transfer Immunity to the Newborns in a Twin Pregnant Women Vaccinated with Heterologous CoronaVac-ChAdOx1

Safety and efficacy of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines in women vaccinated during the first trimester of pregnancy

Vaccine Protection Through Placenta and Breastfeeding: The Unmet Topic in COVID-19 Pandemic

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