In vitro resistance of Enterobacter cloacae isolated from fresh seafood to colistin

Abstract

Introduction: Enterobacter cloacae is a clinically important bacterium from the Enterobacteriaceae family. This study evaluated resistance of E. cloacae strains from fish (n=14) and shrimp (n=9) to colistin. Methods: Biochemical identification and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were carried out in an automated Vitek®2 instrument. Results: Colistin resistance was observed in 21.4% and 66.7% of the strains from fish and shrimp, respectively. We observed minimum inhibitory concentrations of ≥16 mg/L and ≤5 mg/L in 8 and 15 of all strains, respectively. Conclusions: Fish and shrimp can carry drug-resistant enterobacteria, which can be of clinical interest.

The membrane depolarization and increase intracellular calcium level produced by silver nanoclusters are responsible for bacterial death

“…The biofilm-forming ability and quantification as well as the biofilm eradication were performed following the method used by Rossi et al 7 , 10 , 27 . In our case after 24 h of biofilm formation samples were exposed to the following concentration of ARGIRIUM-SUNCs: 0.625, 1.25; 2.5; 5 and 10 ppm.…”

An overview of colistin resistance, mobilized colistin resistance genes dissemination, global responses, and the alternatives to colistin: A review

“…Some studies have focused on the aquaculture contribution to colistin resistance bacteria and dissemination. For example, Almeida et al [60] reported on the isolation of Enterobacter cloacae from fish and shrimps having resistance to colistin, dependent on the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) results. Colistin resistance was reported in Salmonella abony with novel mutations on the chromosomal pmrA and pmrB genes…”

Colistin Resistance in Aquaculture Environment: An Emerging Challenge

“…[ 14 ] Colistin‐resistant E. cloacae strains were identified in 3/14 tilapia and 6/9 whiteleg shrimp purchased in the city of Sobral (Ceará State, Brazil) in 2018. [ 97 ] An mcr‐1 was also reported in a 1/19 S. enterica Rissen strain ST469 isolated from mussels during a Salmonella monitoring program in Galicia, north‐west Spain. [ 98 ] Colistin‐resistant Vibrio parahaemolyticus , a pathogen that causes acute hepato‐pancreatic necrosis in shrimp and is one of the leading causes of foodborne disease in humans, was discovered in molluscan shellfish and shrimp collected from a retailer shop and shrimp farms on the Vietnamese and Korean coasts.…”

“…[ 99,100 ] Between 2005 and 2011, three novel nonplasmid mediated mcr‐3 variants, mcr‐3.6 , mcr‐3.8 , and mcr‐3.9 , with 95%–98% similarity to the original mcr‐3 protein, were identified in Aeromonas allosaccharophila , Aeromonas jandaei , and Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from ornamental fish (koi carp and golden orfe) in Germany during a national resistance monitoring program. [ 97 ] During a study in Portugal focused on the growth of resistant bacteria in trout farms and surrounding areas, researchers discovered a unique mechanism of colistin resistance involving mutations in the chromosomal genes pmrA and pmrB . [ 102 ] The spread of colistin resistance is facilitated significantly by integrated aquaculture systems.…”