“…It is estimated that NTS causes 93.8 million cases of acute gastroenteritis and 15,000 deaths worldwide each year, and it is estimated that 86% of these are food-borne infections [ 4 ]. The pathogenicity of NTS is defined by a variety of factors encoded in virulence genes involved in adhesion ( fimA, agfA ), invasion ( invA, fliC, sopB ), survival and replication in macrophages ( phoP/Q, slyA ), systemic infection ( spvC, ssel ), fimbrial expression ( tcfA ), toxin production ( hlyE, cdtB ), and Mg 2+ and iron uptake ( sfbA ) [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”