Anaphylactic reaction/angioedema associated with jellyfish sting

Pereira, João Claudio Campos; Szpilman, David; Haddad, Vidal

doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0044-2017

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Other systemic reactions Acute renal failure Hydrozoa [120] Arrythmia Hydrozoa [121] Rhabdomyolysis Hydrozoa [122,123] Erythema nodosum Hydrozoa [124] Deep venous thrombosis Scyphozoa [125] Facial swelling unknown [126,127] Digital necrosis unknown [128][129][130] Spinal cord infarct unknown [131] Cellulitis Scyphozoa [79] Myalgia Scyphozoa, Cubozoa [132] Abdominal cramping Scyphozoa, Cubozoa [13,119] Cough Scyphozoa [13,119] Nausea and vomiting Hydrozoa [133] Cold sweating Hydrozoa [133] Delayed eye swelling unknown [134] Long term reactions Keloids Cubozoa [71,73] Lichen planus unknown [135] Hyperpigmentation Scyphozoa, Hydrozoa, Cubozoa [78,86,136] Fat atrophy unknown [137] Delayed necrosis Cubozoa [82] Gangrene Cubozoa [138] Persistent hypersensitivity Scyphozoa [139] Koebner Phenomenon unknown [140] Persistent neuropathy unknown [111] Granulomatous infiltration Cubozoa [87] Nodular papular eruption Cubozoa [84] Potentially fatal reactions Immediate cardiac arrest Cubozoa [141][142][143] Acute myocardial infarction unknown [29,31] Rapid respiratory arrest Cubozoa, Scyphozoa…”

Section: Type Of Reaction Reaction Class Implied Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raising Awareness on the Clinical and Forensic Aspects of Jellyfish Stings: A Worldwide Increasing Threat

Cunha

Dinis-Oliveira

2022

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Jellyfish are ubiquitous animals registering a high and increasing number of contacts with humans in coastal areas. These encounters result in a multitude of symptoms, ranging from mild erythema to death. This work aims to review the state-of-the-art regarding pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, and relevant clinical and forensic aspects of jellyfish stings. There are three major classes of jellyfish, causing various clinical scenarios. Most envenomations result in an erythematous lesion with morphological characteristics that may help identify the class of jellyfish responsible. In rare cases, the sting may result in delayed, persistent, or systemic symptoms. Lethal encounters have been described, but most of those cases happened in the Indo-Pacific region, where cubozoans, the deadliest jellyfish class, can be found. The diagnosis is mostly clinical but can be aided by dermoscopy, skin scrapings/sticky tape, confocal reflectance microscopy, immunological essays, among others. Treatment is currently based on preventing further envenomation, inactivating the venom, and alleviating local and systemic symptoms. However, the strategy used to achieve these effects remains under debate. Only one antivenom is currently used and covers merely one species (Chironex fleckeri). Other antivenoms have been produced experimentally but were not tested on human envenomation settings. The increased number of cases, especially due to climate changes, justifies further research in the study of clinical aspects of jellyfish envenoming.

show abstract

Section: Type Of Reaction Reaction Class Implied Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raising Awareness on the Clinical and Forensic Aspects of Jellyfish Stings: A Worldwide Increasing Threat

Cunha

Dinis-Oliveira

2022

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As members of the Cnidaria phylum, jellyfish are equipped with cnidocytes, cells commonly found in their tentacles that contain organelles (cnidocyst) which inject venom in a harpoon-like fashion when triggered mechan-ically or chemically [4]. The venom differs in composition and potency among species, and can include neurotoxins, catecholamines, histamine, hyaluronidases, and haemolytic toxins among others [1].…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Jellyfish stings are the greatest threat on the coasts of subtropical and tropical Atlantic and Pacific coasts, home to some of the most dangerous jellyfish [1]. In states in southern Brazil, thousands of cases of jellyfish stings are recorded in the summer [4]. Jellyfish blooms have increased in the past few decades, damaging fish stocks and disrupting water-based industries [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

There’s something in the water: an overview of jellyfish, their stings, and treatment

DeLoughery

2022

IMH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An increasing presence on many beaches worldwide, jellyfish are a diverse group of Cnidarians equipped with stinging cells termed cnidocytes. Though few of the over 10,000 species are dangerous to humans, and most that are produce no more than a painful sting, some jellyfish can produce systemic symptoms and even death. Chironex fleckeri, the Australian box jellyfish, has a venom potent enough to kill in less than 10 minutes, and for which there is an antivenom of debatable efficacy. Stings from Carukia barnesi can cause Irukandji syndrome, characterised by severe pain and hypertension. Jellyfish stings have also been associated with Guillain-Barre syndrome and anaphylaxis. Though optimal treatment of stings remains controversial, after removal from the water and addressing any immediate life threats, the tentacles should be removed and the area washed, with seawater being the best choice due to its low likelihood of inducing further cnidocyte discharge. Hot water immersion may be beneficial for pain control for non-tropical jellyfish stings, and cold packs for tropical stings. In general, there is no consensus for the optimal treatment of jellyfish stings, and so further research is needed into species-specific guidelines and whether there are any overarching rules.

show abstract

“…Its sting can result in the Irukandji syndrome associated with catecholamine release [29,30]. A sting from cnidarian species can cause a variety of signs and symptoms, including the anaphylactic shock [31].…”

Section: Jellyfishes (Scyphozoa)mentioning

confidence: 99%