Evaluation of arboviruses of public health interest in free-living non-human primates (Alouatta spp., Callithrix spp., Sapajus spp.) in Brazil

Rocha, Tatiana Carneiro da; Batista, Paulo Mira; Andreotti, Renato; Bona, Ana Caroline Dalla; Navarro-Silva, Mário Antônio; Lange, Rogério Ribas; Svoboda, Walfrido Kühl; Gomes, Eliane Carneiro

doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0024-2015

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Otherwise, dead animal tissue is required . The low viral detection frequency by PCR and isolation in healthy free‐ranging animals is common in this type of study …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…36 The low viral detection frequency by PCR and isolation in healthy free-ranging animals is common in this type of study. 13,14,17,19,20,38 Saint Louis Encephalitis virus antibodies have been historically detected in NHPs in Brazil, including in RS, 16,22,23 Paraná, 39 Bahia, 20 and other states in northeastern Brazil. 18 The virus has been isolated from vectors, birds, humans, and other mammals (including NHPs) in the Amazon region, 40,41 although only one human outbreak is known.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of antibodies against Icoaraci, Ilhéus, and Saint Louis Encephalitis arboviruses during yellow fever monitoring surveillance in non‐human primates (Alouatta caraya) in southern Brazil

Almeida

Santos

Cardoso

et al. 2019

J of Medical Primatology

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Background Free‐ranging non‐human primates (NHPs) can host a variety of pathogenic microorganisms, such as arboviruses, which include the yellow fever virus (YFV). This study aimed to detect the circulation of YF and other arboviruses in three wild Alouatta caraya populations in forests in southern Brazil. Methods We collected 40 blood and serum samples from 26 monkeys captured/recaptured up to four times from 2014 to 2016, searching for evidence of arboviruses by virus isolation, PCR, and neutralization tests. Results Viral isolation and genome detection were negative; however, we detected neutralizing antibodies against the Saint Louis, Ilhéus, and Icoaraci viruses in three NHPs. Conclusions Saint Louis Encephalitis, Ilhéus, and Icoaraci viruses circulated recently in the region. Future studies should investigate the role of NHPs, other vertebrate hosts and wild vectors in the region's arbovirus circulation and the potential risks of the arboviruses to wildlife, domestic animals, and humans.

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“…Otherwise, dead animal tissue is required . The low viral detection frequency by PCR and isolation in healthy free‐ranging animals is common in this type of study …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of antibodies against Icoaraci, Ilhéus, and Saint Louis Encephalitis arboviruses during yellow fever monitoring surveillance in non‐human primates (Alouatta caraya) in southern Brazil

Almeida

Santos

Cardoso

et al. 2019

J of Medical Primatology

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“…Many other primates are severely affected, such as those of the genera Ateles , Aotus , Saguinus , Cebus , Sapajus , Callithrix , and Callicebus . Although monkeys of the genera Cebus and Sapajus are easily infected, they usually have a subclinical infection with low lethality, and they generally develop protective immunity, as shown by the presence of neutralizing antibodies, which indicates probable infection and survival [6, 22, 23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Coordinated Actions in Preventing the Spread of Yellow Fever to Human Populations: The Experience from the 2016-2017 Yellow Fever Outbreak in the Northeastern Region of São Paulo State

Siconelli

Espósito

Moraes

et al. 2019

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

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Yellow fever (YF) is a zoonotic arthropod-borne disease that is caused by the yellow fever virus (YFV) and characterized by a sylvatic and urban cycle. Its most severe presentation is manifested as a hemorrhagic disease, and it has been responsible for thousands of deaths in the last decades. This study describes the public health approaches taken to control the 2016-2017 YF outbreak in nonhuman primates (NHPs) that took place in the northeastern region of São Paulo state, Brazil. NHPs recovered from the field were necropsied, and YF diagnoses were made at the Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School and the Center of Pathology, Adolfo Lutz Institute of São Paulo. NHP samples were inoculated into Vero cells for YFV isolation. RNA extraction was performed directly from NHP tissues and tested by RT-qPCR. YFV-positive samples were confirmed by sequencing. Based on the rapid RT-qPCR results, surveillance actions were implemented in the entire region. Confirmatory histopathology and immunohistochemistry for YFV were also performed. Among nine NHPs, gross hepatic involvement was observed in six animals, five of which were YFV-RT-qPCR-positive. One YFV was isolated from the serum of an infant NHP. YFV RNA sequences diverged from the virus responsible for the last epizootic that occurred in São Paulo state, but it was similar to the current Brazilian epizootic. Public health actions included dissemination of information on YF transmission, investigation of the probable location of NHP infection, characterization of the environment, and subsequent creation of the blueprint from which prevention and control measures were implemented. The YFV sylvatic cycle occurred in the periurban areas of the northeastern region of São Paulo state, but no human cases were reported during this period, showing that integrated actions between human, animal, and environmental health professionals were critical to restrain the virus to the sylvatic cycle.

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“…Recently, a new species called Sapajus flavius was rediscovered in Brazil (BACALHAO et al, 2016), but it is already listed as an endangered species (BRAZIL, 2014). Despite the known importance of NHP as reservoirs of human pathogens, there are few studies focusing specifically on capuchin monkeys (BATISTA et al, 2013;ROCHA et al, 2015). Silva et al Clostridium difficile is a major nosocomial pathogen in humans and causes diarrhea and enterocolitis in domestic animals (RODRIGUEZ-PALACIOS et al, 2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

Isolation and genotyping of Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium difficile in Capuchin Monkeys (Sapajus spp.)

et al. 2017

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The importance of Clostridium perfringens and C. difficile for most wild animal species remains unclear. This study aimed to isolate and genotype C. perfringens and C. difficile in stool samples from free-living and captive capuchin monkeys (Sapajus flavius and Sapajus libidinosus) in Brazil. Ten free-living S. flavius and 14 captive S. libidinosus were sampled for this study. To isolate C. difficile, stool samples were inoculated on plates containing cycloserine-cefoxitin fructose agar supplemented with horse blood and sodium taurocholate. Two different protocols for C. perfringens isolation were tested: direct plating onto selective agar and enrichment in brain heart infusion (BHI) broth followed by plating onto selective agar. C. difficile was not detected in the present study. The results were identical for both protocols tested for isolation of C. perfringens. Four samples (16.7%) were positive for C. perfringens type A, including one sample from a free-living animal (4.2%) and three from captive animals (12.5%), meaning there was no significant difference between these two groups. C. perfringens isolates were negative for all additional virulence factors evaluated, including enterotoxin encoding-gene (cpe) and beta-2 encoding-gene (cpb2). These results suggested that C. perfringens type A is found in the microbiota of capuchin monkeys, although it is less frequent than previously reported in domestic animals.

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Evaluation of arboviruses of public health interest in free-living non-human primates (Alouatta spp., Callithrix spp., Sapajus spp.) in Brazil

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

Detection of antibodies against Icoaraci, Ilhéus, and Saint Louis Encephalitis arboviruses during yellow fever monitoring surveillance in non‐human primates (Alouatta caraya) in southern Brazil

Detection of antibodies against Icoaraci, Ilhéus, and Saint Louis Encephalitis arboviruses during yellow fever monitoring surveillance in non‐human primates (Alouatta caraya) in southern Brazil

The Importance of Coordinated Actions in Preventing the Spread of Yellow Fever to Human Populations: The Experience from the 2016-2017 Yellow Fever Outbreak in the Northeastern Region of São Paulo State

Isolation and genotyping of Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium difficile in Capuchin Monkeys (Sapajus spp.)

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